Where to buy cheap amoxil

In 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) spread through 26 countries, infecting at least 8098 and causing at least 774 deaths (a case where to buy cheap amoxil fatality rate of 9.6%). Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) by January 2020 caused 2519 cases and 866 deaths (a case fatality rate of 34%). SARS and MERS are antibioticses and both are not as easily transmitted as buy antibiotics because they require close where to buy cheap amoxil contact with those infected (or also with camels in the case of MERS), and infected humans tend not to transmit before they have symptoms.

Transmission of both mostly occurred within healthcare settings and could be controlled by improving control in hospitals.In 2015, Bill Gates in a TED lecture warned that we were more at risk of a global amoxil (he thought it would be influenza) than we were from nuclear war.buy antibiotics probably first entered the human population in China in November 2019 in Wuhan and was first identified as such in December 2019. It spreads easily with a R0 (basic reproduction number) that represents the average number of people the average infected person would infect being between 1.5 and 3.5, depending on the surrounding circumstances. While a where to buy cheap amoxil large proportion of s are asymptomatic, there is a significant mortality rate (about 3.4% worldwide).

Survival rates are worse in the elderly, in men and in those with comorbidities. There are no suitable mammal models to study.Because there is a significant proportion of asymptomatic infectious people, monitoring of epidemics necessitates screening to determine (1) the proportion of the population that is actively infected and or (2) the total number of those who have been infected. Both require where to buy cheap amoxil screening.

To gain significant data, then whole populations or representative samples have to be tested. In many circumstances, only those with high probability are tested.DNA polymerase techniques on throat swabs (notably real-time reverse transcription PCR) can identify the actively infected, but such tests will need to be repeated, especially in healthcare staff who are both at increased risk of and could provide an increased risk of to their contacts.Antibody tests in theory can reveal who has been infected. However, such where to buy cheap amoxil tests may not provide 100% reliable results, including the fact that their sensitivity will vary according to how common the is.

If an is common, then a very sensitive test will identify all those infected and also a small number of false positives, but when the becomes less common, then the proportion of false positives will rise and a positive test could become less useful. Moreover, for how long would the antibody-person where to buy cheap amoxil be immune?. Counting the number of hospital deaths attributed to buy antibiotics may be a guide to an epidemic, but deaths may be difficult to count in the community.

In any case, changes in death numbers usually lag a few weeks behind the time of .Would a lower infecting dose cause the following illness to be less severe?. Does the amoxil need several extra doubling times where to buy cheap amoxil to exert its effects such that in this gained time host responses will be in a better position to combat the in high-risk groups or in groups where medical care is minimal?. Could low-dose vaccination with buy antibiotics itself be useful?.

Shakespeare’s Hamlet (not an epidemiologist) suggested, ‘Diseases desperate grown, By desperate appliance are relieved, Or not at all’.All the aforementioned are key questions, the answers to many of which are not known at the time of writing and, even if they were, the answers might change with the passage of time.Various countries have made various policy choicesAt the time of writing (April 2020), buy antibiotics has probably been in the human population for only about 6 months. In most countries, there where to buy cheap amoxil are concerns about how the epidemic was initially handled, and it is possible to predict some damming retrospective judgements. However, we should concentrate on where we are, not where we might have been.

Recriminations should wait.Many important decisions have to be made based on incomplete information. Most buy antibiotics decisions have to be made on speculations (guesswork and wishful thinking), on hypotheses (propositions made as a basis for reasoning, without an assumption of its truth) or on where to buy cheap amoxil theories (suppositions or systems of ideas explaining something based on general principles). All buy antibiotics decisions have to be made at the time ‘We have to start from where we are’ guided by the experiences of other countries that are ahead of us in the epidemic.amoxils usually reveal inequalities and the poor, or those in unstable employment or in crowded accommodation, or with underlying health issues, or where healthcare is less affordable, or are in the less well educated will suffer the most.

They will also comply less where to buy cheap amoxil with restrictions. Ideologies, power blocks, leaders, social cohesion beliefs, the relevance of centralised or regional decision making, the abilities of popularism (political doctrines chosen to appeal to a majority of the electorate), welfare states (usually capitalist nations that recognise that food, shelter, education and medicine are basic rights to be ensured by government actions) and authoritarianism are all being stress tested by buy antibiotics. In the future, it will be interesting to judge how these societal systems played out when confronting the conflicting requirement to reconcile conflicting priorities of health and economic factors that involve conflicts between responding and planning for deaths (‘How should we cope with these’) and actually planning deaths.

€˜We will have to accept that we will cause deaths whatever policy we adopt’.There is only one where to buy cheap amoxil initial response to buy antibiotics that reduces rates and death rates. Dramatic quarantine ‘total lockdown’ measures. Some countries, including China, South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore, hit the epidemic hard and early with lockdown quarantine to reduce the epidemic.

Such countries where to buy cheap amoxil perhaps tend towards acceptance of authoritarianism and their citizens less rebellious than in other countries. New Zealand did similarly. I could not possibly comment on the US responses.

However, on what criteria and at what speed should where to buy cheap amoxil liberalisation of quarantine measure occur to avoid re-emergences?. There are in theory three final paths out of the buy antibiotics crisis:First, a treatment. Even a perfect treatment would where to buy cheap amoxil be difficult to evaluate with changing risks in the community.

How protective would a treatment be and for how long would it be effective?. Second, the identification of a treatment, either preventative or curative, so that the disease becomes a considerably less worrisome prospect even for those with comorbidities.Third, herd immunity, when enough of the population has acquired and survived buy antibiotics and thus developed immunity with the persisting at a low level. Currently the only, not entirely definitive, way of estimating this is by measuring antibodies such that there would not be enough opportunities for disease transmission for the amoxil to continue circulating through populations with an Ro of less than 1, where to buy cheap amoxil but the risk would not disappear entirely.

Moreover, how should immunity be monitored if antibody testing may not reflect herd immunity?. Allowing herd immunity to develop initially would result in a huge spike in hospitalisations and deaths that could overwhelm most healthcare services, and that is why flattening such spikes by quarantine was indicated. With flattening, where to buy cheap amoxil there would still be illness and deaths but at a controlled slower rate and hopefully also smaller numbers, such that healthcare services could cope.There is a lot of opinion and numerous contributions by official and unofficial organisations and individuals who think their “single issue advice” should be followed.

No one individual has the expertise required for management of all the complexities. Committees are required, including microbiologists, infectious diseases doctors, public health doctors, epidemiologists, hospital and general practice representatives, epidemic mathematical modellers and economic advisers. Politicians have the responsibility to deliver decisions when, especially when, information is imperfect where to buy cheap amoxil.

How many people would be infected if we did nothing?. What would the epidemic curve look like in various situations? where to buy cheap amoxil. What proportion of those infected would infect others in various situations?.

How many of which population groups would require what extra healthcare services in various situations?. What would be where to buy cheap amoxil the effect of various measures at various times?. What economic impacts might there be when these in themselves affect mortality rates?.

I predict that buy antibiotics will cause two significant changes in political thought. First, it has to be realised that globalisation of such epidemics, where to buy cheap amoxil and there will be more to come, will demand an integrated globalised response. Second, in 1987, Margaret Thatcher, the UK Prime Minister, said that ‘There is no such thing as society… the quality of our lives will depend on how much each of us is prepared to take responsibility for ourselves and each of us prepared to turn round and help by our own efforts those who are unfortunate’.

The current UK Prime Minister in March 2020 presented a new synthesis, ‘There really is such a thing as society’.Finally, it is important to realise that everyone, no matter where they are, for better or worse, has to rely on their existing rulers or governments..

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Over the past 20 years, a large body of research has documented a relationship between higher nurse-to-patient staffing ratios and http://carolinapoliticalconsulting.com/?page_id=10 better patient outcomes, including shorter hospital stays, lower rates of failure to prevent mortality after an in-hospital complication, inpatient mortality online pharmacy amoxil for multiple types of patients, hospital-acquired pneumonia, unplanned extubation, respiratory failure and cardiac arrest.1–5 In addition, patients report higher satisfaction when they are cared for in hospitals with higher staffing levels.6 7To date, most studies have not identified an ‘optimal’ nurse staffing ratio,8 which creates a challenge for determining appropriate staffing levels. If increasing nurse staffing always produces at least some improvement in the quality of care, how does one determine what staffing level is best?. This decision is ultimately an economic one, balancing the benefits of nurse staffing with the other options for which those online pharmacy amoxil resources could be used. It is in this context that hospitals develop staffing plans, generally based on historical patterns of patient acuity.Practical challenges of nurse staffingHospital staffing plans provide the structure necessary for determining hiring and scheduling, but fall short for a number of reasons.

First, there are multiple ways in which patient acuity can be measured, which can have measurable effects on the staffing levels resulting from acuity models.9 Second, patient volume and acuity can shift rapidly with changes in the volume of admissions, discharges and transfers between units online pharmacy amoxil. Third, staffing plans provide little guidance regarding the optimal mix of permanent staff, variable staff and externally contracted staff.The paper by Saville and colleagues10 in this issue of BMJ Quality &. Safety addresses the latter two issues by applying a simulation model to identify the optimal target for baseline nurse staffing in order to minimise periods of online pharmacy amoxil understaffing. Included in this model is consideration of the extent to which hospitals should leverage temporary personnel (typically obtained through an external agency) to fill gaps.

The model acknowledges the likelihood that a hospital cannot realistically prevent all shifts from having a shortfall of nurses at all times, as online pharmacy amoxil well as the reality that hospital managers lack information about the best balance between permanent and temporary staff. In addition, the analysis includes a calculation of the costs of each staffing approach, drawing from the records of 81 inpatient wards in four hospital organisations.The application of sophisticated simulation models and other advanced analyticl approaches to analysis of nurse staffing has been limited to date, and this paper is an exemplar of the value of such research. Recent studies have used machine learning online pharmacy amoxil methods to forecast hospital discharge volume,11 a discrete event simulation model to determine nursing staff needs in a neonatal intensive care unit,12 and a prediction model using machine learning and hierarchical linear regression to link variation in nurse staffing with patient outcomes.13 This new study applied a unique Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate demand for nursing care and test different strategies to meet demand.The results of the analysis are not surprising in that hospitals are much less likely to experience understaffed patient shifts if they aim to have higher baseline staffing. The data demonstrate a notable leftward skew, indicating that hospitals are more likely to have large unanticipated increases in patient volume and acuity than to have unanticipated decreases.

This results in hospitals being more likely to have shifts that are understaffed than shifts that are overstaffed, which inevitably places pressure on online pharmacy amoxil hospitals to staff at a higher level and/or have access to a larger pool of temporary nurses. It also is not surprising that hospitals will need to spend more money per patient day if they aim to reduce the percent of shifts that are understaffed. What is surprising about the results is that hospitals do not necessarily achieve cost savings by relying on temporary personnel versus setting regular staffing at a higher level.Trade-offs between permanent and temporary staffThe temporary nursing workforce enables healthcare facilities to maintain flexible yet full care teams based on patient care needs. Hospitals can use temporary nurses to address staffing gaps during leaves of absence, turnover online pharmacy amoxil or gaps between recruitment of permanent nurses, as well as during high-census periods.

Temporary personnel are typically more expensive on an hourly basis than permanent staff. In addition, over-reliance online pharmacy amoxil on temporary staff can have detrimental effects on permanent nurses’ morale and motivation. Orientations prior to shifts are often limited, which leads to a twofold concern as temporary nurses feel ill-prepared for shifts and permanent staff feel flustered when required to bring the temporary nurse up to speed while being expected to continue normal operations.14 Agency nurses may be assigned to patients and units that are incongruent with their experience and skills—either to unfamiliar units, which affects their ability to confidently deliver care, or to less complex patients where they feel as if their skills are not used adequately.14 15 These issues can create tension between temporary and permanent nursing staff, which can be compounded by the wage disparity. Permanent staff might feel demoralised and expendable when working alongside temporary online pharmacy amoxil staff who are not integrated into the social fabric of the staff.16Hospital managers also must be cognisant of the potential quality impact of relying heavily on temporary nursing staff.

Research on the impact of contingent nursing employment on costs and quality have often found negative effects on quality, including mortality, and higher costs.17 18 However, other studies have found that the association between temporary nursing staff and low quality result from general shortages of nursing staff, which make a hospital more likely to employ temporary staff, and not directly from the contingent staff.19–21 Thus, temporary nurses play an important role in alleviating staffing shortages that would otherwise lead to lower quality of care.22Charting a path forward in hospital management and healthcare researchThe maturation of electronic health records and expansion of computerised healthcare management systems provide opportunities both for improved decision making about workforce deployment and for advanced workforce research. In the area of workforce management, nursing and other leaders online pharmacy amoxil have a growing array of workforce planning tools available to them. Such tools are most effective when they display clear information about predicted patient needs and staff availability, but managers still must rely on their on-the-ground understanding of their staff and their context of patient care.23 Integration of human resources data with patient outcomes data has revealed that individual nurses and their characteristics have important discrete effects on the quality of care.24 25 Future development of workforce planning tools should translate this evidence to practice. In addition, new technology platforms are emerging to facilitate direct online pharmacy amoxil matching between temporary healthcare personnel and healthcare organisations.

One recent study tested a smartphone-based application that allowed for direct matching of locum tenens physicians with a hospital in the English National Health Service, finding that the platform generated benefits including greater transparency and lower cost.26 Similar technologies for registered nurses could facilitate better matching between hospital needs and temporary nurses’ preparedness to meet those needs.Analytical methods that fully leverage the large datasets compiled through electronic health records, human resources systems and other sources can be applied to advance research on the composition of nursing teams to improve quality of care. As noted above, prior online pharmacy amoxil research has applied machine learning and discrete event simulation to analyses of healthcare staffing. Other recent studies have leveraged natural language processing of nursing notes to identify fall risk factors27 and applied data mining of human resources records to understand the job titles held by nurses.28 Linking these rapidly advancing analytical approaches that assess the outcomes and costs of nurse staffing strategies, such as the work by Saville and colleagues published in this issue, to data on the impact of nurse staffing on the long-term costs of patient care will further advance the capacity of hospital leaders to design cost-effective policies for workforce deployment.Guidelines aim to align clinical care with best practice. However, simply publishing a guideline rarely triggers behavioural changes to match guideline recommendations.1–3 We thus transform guideline recommendations into actionable tasks by introducing interventions that promote behavioural changes meant to produce guideline-concordant care.

Unfortunately, not much has changed in the 25 years since Oxman and colleagues concluded that we have no ‘magic bullets’ when it comes to changing clinician behaviour.4 In fact, far from magic bullets, interventions aimed at increasing the degree to which patients receive care recommended in guidelines (eg, educational interventions, reminders, audit and feedback, financial incentives, computerised decision support) typically produce disappointingly small improvements in care.5–10Much improvement work aims to online pharmacy amoxil ‘make the right thing to do the easy thing to do.’ Yet, design solutions which hardwire the desired actions remain few and far between. Further, improvement interventions which ‘softwire’ such actions—not guaranteeing that they occur, but at least increasing the likelihood that clinicians will deliver the care recommended in guidelines—mostly produce small improvements.5–9 Until this situation changes, we need to acknowledge the persistent reality that guidelines themselves represent a main strategy for promoting care consistent with current evidence, which means their design should promote the desired actions.11 12In this respect, guidelines constitute a type of clinical decision support. And, like all decision support online pharmacy amoxil interventions, guidelines require. (1) user testing to assess if the content is understood as intended and (2) empirical testing to assess if the decision support provided by the guideline does in fact promote the desired behaviours.

While the online pharmacy amoxil processes for developing guidelines have received substantial attention over the years,13–18 surprisingly little attention has been paid to empirically answering basic questions about the finished product. Do users understand guidelines as intended?. And, online pharmacy amoxil what version of a given guideline engenders the desired behaviours by clinicians?. In this issue of BMJ Quality and Safety, Jones et al19 address this gap by using simulation to compare the frequency of medication errors when clinicians administer an intravenous medication using an existing guideline in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) versus a revised and user-tested version of the guideline that more clearly promotes the desired actions.

Their findings online pharmacy amoxil demonstrate that changes to guideline design (through addition of actionable decision supports) based on user feedback does in fact trigger changes in behaviour that can improve safety. This is an exciting use of simulation, which we believe should encourage further studies in this vein.Ensuring end users understand and use guidelines as intendedJones and colleagues’ approach affords an opportunity to reflect on the benefits of user testing and simulation of guidelines. The design and evaluation online pharmacy amoxil of their revised guidelines provides an excellent example of a careful stepwise progression in the development and evaluation of a guideline as a type of decision support for clinicians. First, in a prior study,20 they user tested the original NHS guidelines to improve retrieval and comprehension of information.

The authors produced a revised guideline, which included reformatted sections as well as increased support for key calculations, such as for infusion rates. The authors again user tested the revised guideline, online pharmacy amoxil successfully showing higher rates of comprehension. Note that user testing refers to a specific approach focused on comprehension rather than behaviour21 and is distinct from usability testing. Second, in the current study, Jones et al evaluated whether nurse and midwife end users exhibited the desired behavioural changes when given the revised guidelines (with addition of actionable decision supports), compared with a control group working with the current version of the online pharmacy amoxil guidelines used in practice.

As a result, Jones and colleagues verify that end users (1) understand the content in the guideline and (2) actually change their behaviour in response to using it.Simulation can play a particularly useful role in this context, as it can help identify problems with users’ comprehension of the guideline and also empirically assess what behavioural changes occur in response to design changes in the guidelines. The level of methodological control online pharmacy amoxil and qualitative detail that simulation provides is difficult to feasibly replicate with real-world pilot studies, and therefore simulation fills a critical gap.Jones et al report successful changes in behaviour due to the revised guidelines in which they added actionable decision supports. For example, their earlier user testing found that participants using the initial guidelines did not account for displacement volume when reconstituting the powdered drug, leading to dosing errors. A second error with the initial guidelines involved participants using the shortest infusion rate provided (eg, guidelines state ‘1 to 3 hours’), without realising that the shortest rate is not appropriate for certain doses (eg, 1 hour is appropriate for smaller doses, but larger doses should not be infused over 1 hour because the drug would then be administered faster than the maximum allowable infusion rate online pharmacy amoxil of 3 mg/kg/hour).

These two issues were addressed in the revised guidelines by providing key determinants for ‘action’ such as calculation formulas that account for displacement volume and infusion duration, thereby more carefully guiding end users to avoid these dose and rate errors. These changes to the guideline online pharmacy amoxil triggered specific behaviours (eg, calculations that account for all variables) that did not occur with the initial guidelines. Therefore, the simulation testing demonstrated the value of providing determinants for action, such as specific calculation formulas to support end users, by showing a clear reduction in dose and rate errors when using the revised guidelines compared with the initial guidelines.The authors also report that other types of medication-specific errors remained unaffected by the revised guidelines (eg, incorrect technique and flush errors)—the changes made did not facilitate the desired actions. The initial online pharmacy amoxil guidelines indicate ‘DO NOT SHAKE’ in capital letters, and there is a section specific to ‘Flushing’.

In contrast, the revised guidelines do not capitalise the warning about shaking the vial, but embed the warning with a numbered sequence in the medication preparation section, aiming to increase the likelihood of reading it at the appropriate time. The revised guidelines do not have a section specific to flushing, but embed the flushing instructions as an unnumbered step in the administration section. Thus, the value of embedding technique and flushing information within the context of use was not validated in the simulation testing (ie, no significant differences in the rates of these errors), highlighting online pharmacy amoxil precisely the pivotal role that simulation can play in assessing whether attempts to improve usability result in actual behavioural changes.Finally, simulation can identify potential unintended consequences of a guideline. For instance, Jones and colleagues observed an increase in errors (although not statistically significant) that were not medication specific (eg, non-aseptic technique such as hand washing, swabbing vials with an alcohol wipe).

Given that the revised guidelines were specific to the medication tested, it is unusual that we see a tendency toward a worsening online pharmacy amoxil effect on generic medication preparation skills. Again, this finding was not significant, but we highlight this to remind ourselves of the very real possibility that some interventions might introduce new and unexpected errors in response to changing workflow and practice6. Simulations offer an opportunity to spot these risks in advance.Now that Jones et al have seen how the revised online pharmacy amoxil guidelines change behaviour, they are optimally positioned to move forward. On one hand, they have the option of revising the guidelines further in attempts to address these resistant errors, and on the other, they can consider designing other interventions to be implemented in parallel with their user-tested guidance.

At first glance, the errors that were resistant to change appear to be mechanical tasks that end users might online pharmacy amoxil think of as applying uniformly to multiple medications (eg, flush errors, non-aseptic technique). Therefore, a second intervention that has a more general scope (rather than drug specific) might be pursued. Regardless of what online pharmacy amoxil they decide to pursue, we applaud their measured approach and highlight that the key takeaway is that their next steps are supported with clearer evidence of what to expect when the guidelines are released—certainly a helpful piece of information to guide decisions as to whether broad implementation of guidelines is justified.Caveats and conclusionSimulation is not a panacea—it is not able to assess longitudinal adherence, and there are limitations to how realistically clinicians behave when observed for a few sample procedures when under the scrutiny of observers. Further, studies where interventions are implemented to assess whether they move the needle on the outcomes we care about (eg, adverse events, length of stay, patient mortality) are needed and should continue.

However, having end users physically perform clinical tasks with the intervention in representative environments represents an important strategy to assess the degree to which guidelines and other online pharmacy amoxil decision support interventions in fact promote the desired behaviours and to spot problems in advance of implementation. Such simulation testing is not currently a routine step in intervention design. We hope it becomes a more common phenomenon, with more improvement work following the example of the approach so effectively demonstrated by Jones and colleagues..

Over the past 20 years, a large body of research has documented a relationship where to buy cheap amoxil between higher nurse-to-patient staffing ratios and better patient outcomes, including shorter hospital stays, lower rates of failure to prevent mortality after an in-hospital complication, inpatient mortality for multiple types of patients, hospital-acquired pneumonia, unplanned extubation, respiratory failure and cardiac arrest.1–5 In addition, patients report higher satisfaction Clicking Here when they are cared for in hospitals with higher staffing levels.6 7To date, most studies have not identified an ‘optimal’ nurse staffing ratio,8 which creates a challenge for determining appropriate staffing levels. If increasing nurse staffing always produces at least some improvement in the quality of care, how does one determine what staffing level is best?. This decision is ultimately an economic one, balancing the benefits of nurse staffing with the other options for which those resources could be used where to buy cheap amoxil. It is in this context that hospitals develop staffing plans, generally based on historical patterns of patient acuity.Practical challenges of nurse staffingHospital staffing plans provide the structure necessary for determining hiring and scheduling, but fall short for a number of reasons.

First, there are multiple ways in which patient acuity can be measured, which can have measurable effects on the staffing levels resulting from acuity models.9 Second, patient volume and acuity can shift rapidly with changes in the volume of admissions, discharges and transfers where to buy cheap amoxil between units. Third, staffing plans provide little guidance regarding the optimal mix of permanent staff, variable staff and externally contracted staff.The paper by Saville and colleagues10 in this issue of BMJ Quality &. Safety addresses the latter two issues by applying a simulation model to identify the optimal target for baseline nurse staffing where to buy cheap amoxil in order to minimise periods of understaffing. Included in this model is consideration of the extent to which hospitals should leverage temporary personnel (typically obtained through an external agency) to fill gaps.

The model acknowledges the likelihood that a hospital where to buy cheap amoxil cannot realistically prevent all shifts from having a shortfall of nurses at all times, as well as the reality that hospital managers lack information about the best balance between permanent and temporary staff. In addition, the analysis includes a calculation of the costs of each staffing approach, drawing from the records of 81 inpatient wards in four hospital organisations.The application of sophisticated simulation models and other advanced analyticl approaches to analysis of nurse staffing has been limited to date, and this paper is an exemplar of the value of such research. Recent studies have used machine learning methods to forecast hospital discharge volume,11 a discrete event simulation model to determine nursing staff needs in a neonatal intensive care unit,12 and where to buy cheap amoxil a prediction model using machine learning and hierarchical linear regression to link variation in nurse staffing with patient outcomes.13 This new study applied a unique Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate demand for nursing care and test different strategies to meet demand.The results of the analysis are not surprising in that hospitals are much less likely to experience understaffed patient shifts if they aim to have higher baseline staffing. The data demonstrate a notable leftward skew, indicating that hospitals are more likely to have large unanticipated increases in patient volume and acuity than to have unanticipated decreases.

This results in hospitals being more likely to have shifts that are understaffed than shifts that are overstaffed, which inevitably places pressure on hospitals to staff at a higher level and/or have access to a larger where to buy cheap amoxil pool of temporary nurses. It also is not surprising that hospitals will need to spend more money per patient day if they aim to reduce the percent of shifts that are understaffed. What is surprising about the results is that hospitals do not necessarily achieve cost savings by relying on temporary personnel versus setting regular staffing at a higher level.Trade-offs between permanent and temporary staffThe temporary nursing workforce enables healthcare facilities to maintain flexible yet full care teams based on patient care needs. Hospitals can use temporary nurses to address staffing gaps during leaves of absence, turnover where to buy cheap amoxil or gaps between recruitment of permanent nurses, as well as during high-census periods.

Temporary personnel are typically more expensive on an hourly basis than permanent staff. In addition, over-reliance on temporary where to buy cheap amoxil staff can have detrimental effects on permanent nurses’ morale and motivation. Orientations prior to shifts are often limited, which leads to a twofold concern as temporary nurses feel ill-prepared for shifts and permanent staff feel flustered when required to bring the temporary nurse up to speed while being expected to continue normal operations.14 Agency nurses may be assigned to patients and units that are incongruent with their experience and skills—either to unfamiliar units, which affects their ability to confidently deliver care, or to less complex patients where they feel as if their skills are not used adequately.14 15 These issues can create tension between temporary and permanent nursing staff, which can be compounded by the wage disparity. Permanent staff might feel demoralised and expendable when working alongside temporary staff who are not integrated into the social fabric of the staff.16Hospital managers also must be cognisant of the potential quality impact of relying heavily where to buy cheap amoxil on temporary nursing staff.

Research on the impact of contingent nursing employment on costs and quality have often found negative effects on quality, including mortality, and higher costs.17 18 However, other studies have found that the association between temporary nursing staff and low quality result from general shortages of nursing staff, which make a hospital more likely to employ temporary staff, and not directly from the contingent staff.19–21 Thus, temporary nurses play an important role in alleviating staffing shortages that would otherwise lead to lower quality of care.22Charting a path forward in hospital management and healthcare researchThe maturation of electronic health records and expansion of computerised healthcare management systems provide opportunities both for improved decision making about workforce deployment and for advanced workforce research. In the area of workforce management, nursing and other leaders have a growing array of workforce planning tools available to where to buy cheap amoxil them. Such tools are most effective when they display clear information about predicted patient needs and staff availability, but managers still must rely on their on-the-ground understanding of their staff and their context of patient care.23 Integration of human resources data with patient outcomes data has revealed that individual nurses and their characteristics have important discrete effects on the quality of care.24 25 Future development of workforce planning tools should translate this evidence to practice. In addition, new technology platforms are emerging to facilitate where to buy cheap amoxil direct matching between temporary healthcare personnel and healthcare organisations.

One recent study tested a smartphone-based application that allowed for direct matching of locum tenens physicians with a hospital in the English National Health Service, finding that the platform generated benefits including greater transparency and lower cost.26 Similar technologies for registered nurses could facilitate better matching between hospital needs and temporary nurses’ preparedness to meet those needs.Analytical methods that fully leverage the large datasets compiled through electronic health records, human resources systems and other sources can be applied to advance research on the composition of nursing teams to improve quality of care. As noted where to buy cheap amoxil above, prior research has applied machine learning and discrete event simulation to analyses of healthcare staffing. Other recent studies have leveraged natural language processing of nursing notes to identify fall risk factors27 and applied data mining of human resources records to understand the job titles held by nurses.28 Linking these rapidly advancing analytical approaches that assess the outcomes and costs of nurse staffing strategies, such as the work by Saville and colleagues published in this issue, to data on the impact of nurse staffing on the long-term costs of patient care will further advance the capacity of hospital leaders to design cost-effective policies for workforce deployment.Guidelines aim to align clinical care with best practice. However, simply publishing a guideline rarely triggers behavioural changes to match guideline recommendations.1–3 We thus transform guideline recommendations into actionable tasks by introducing interventions that promote behavioural changes meant to produce guideline-concordant care.

Unfortunately, not much has changed in the 25 years since Oxman and colleagues concluded that we have no ‘magic bullets’ when it comes to changing clinician behaviour.4 In fact, far from magic bullets, interventions aimed at increasing the degree to which patients receive care recommended in guidelines (eg, educational interventions, reminders, audit and feedback, financial incentives, computerised decision support) typically produce disappointingly small improvements in care.5–10Much improvement work aims to ‘make the right thing to do the easy thing to do.’ Yet, where to buy cheap amoxil design solutions which hardwire the desired actions remain few and far between. Further, improvement interventions which ‘softwire’ such actions—not guaranteeing that they occur, but at least increasing the likelihood that clinicians will deliver the care recommended in guidelines—mostly produce small improvements.5–9 Until this situation changes, we need to acknowledge the persistent reality that guidelines themselves represent a main strategy for promoting care consistent with current evidence, which means their design should promote the desired actions.11 12In this respect, guidelines constitute a type of clinical decision support. And, like all decision support interventions, guidelines where to buy cheap amoxil require. (1) user testing to assess if the content is understood as intended and (2) empirical testing to assess if the decision support provided by the guideline does in fact promote the desired behaviours.

While the processes for developing guidelines have received substantial attention over the years,13–18 surprisingly little attention has been paid to empirically answering basic questions about where to buy cheap amoxil the finished product. Do users http://terrassen-gartenmoebel.de/beispiel-seite/ understand guidelines as intended?. And, what version of a given guideline engenders the desired behaviours by clinicians? where to buy cheap amoxil. In this issue of BMJ Quality and Safety, Jones et al19 address this gap by using simulation to compare the frequency of medication errors when clinicians administer an intravenous medication using an existing guideline in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) versus a revised and user-tested version of the guideline that more clearly promotes the desired actions.

Their findings demonstrate that changes to guideline design (through addition of actionable decision supports) based on user feedback does in fact trigger changes in behaviour that can improve where to buy cheap amoxil safety. This is an exciting use of simulation, which we believe should encourage further studies in this vein.Ensuring end users understand and use guidelines as intendedJones and colleagues’ approach affords an opportunity to reflect on the benefits of user testing and simulation of guidelines. The design and evaluation of their revised guidelines provides an excellent example where to buy cheap amoxil of a careful stepwise progression in the development and evaluation of a guideline as a type of decision support for clinicians. First, in a prior study,20 they user tested the original NHS guidelines to improve retrieval and comprehension of information.

The authors produced a revised guideline, which included reformatted sections as well as increased support for key calculations, such as for infusion rates. The authors again user tested the revised guideline, successfully showing higher rates of comprehension where to buy cheap amoxil. Note that user testing refers to a specific approach focused on comprehension rather than behaviour21 and is distinct from usability testing. Second, in the current study, Jones et al evaluated whether nurse and midwife end users exhibited the desired behavioural changes when given the revised guidelines (with addition of actionable decision supports), compared with a control group working with the current version of the where to buy cheap amoxil guidelines used in practice.

As a result, Jones and colleagues verify that end users (1) understand the content in the guideline and (2) actually change their behaviour in response to using it.Simulation can play a particularly useful role in this context, as it can help identify problems with users’ comprehension of the guideline and also empirically assess what behavioural changes occur in response to design changes in the guidelines. The level of methodological control and qualitative detail that simulation provides is difficult to where to buy cheap amoxil feasibly replicate with real-world pilot studies, and therefore simulation fills a critical gap.Jones et al report successful changes in behaviour due to the revised guidelines in which they added actionable decision supports. For example, their earlier user testing found that participants using the initial guidelines did not account for displacement volume when reconstituting the powdered drug, leading to dosing errors. A second error with the initial guidelines where to buy cheap amoxil involved participants using the shortest infusion rate provided (eg, guidelines state ‘1 to 3 hours’), without realising that the shortest rate is not appropriate for certain doses (eg, 1 hour is appropriate for smaller doses, but larger doses should not be infused over 1 hour because the drug would then be administered faster than the maximum allowable infusion rate of 3 mg/kg/hour).

These two issues were addressed in the revised guidelines by providing key determinants for ‘action’ such as calculation formulas that account for displacement volume and infusion duration, thereby more carefully guiding end users to avoid these dose and rate errors. These changes to the guideline where to buy cheap amoxil triggered specific behaviours (eg, calculations that account for all variables) that did not occur with the initial guidelines. Therefore, the simulation testing demonstrated the value of providing determinants for action, such as specific calculation formulas to support end users, by showing a clear reduction in dose and rate errors when using the revised guidelines compared with the initial guidelines.The authors also report that other types of medication-specific errors remained unaffected by the revised guidelines (eg, incorrect technique and flush errors)—the changes made did not facilitate the desired actions. The initial where to buy cheap amoxil guidelines indicate ‘DO NOT SHAKE’ in capital letters, and there is a section specific to ‘Flushing’.

In contrast, the revised guidelines do not capitalise the warning about shaking the vial, but embed the warning with a numbered sequence in the medication preparation section, aiming to increase the likelihood of reading it at the appropriate time. The revised guidelines do not have a section specific to flushing, but embed the flushing instructions as an unnumbered step in the administration section. Thus, the value of embedding technique and flushing information within the context of use was not validated in where to buy cheap amoxil the simulation testing (ie, no significant differences in the rates of these errors), highlighting precisely the pivotal role that simulation can play in assessing whether attempts to improve usability result in actual behavioural changes.Finally, simulation can identify potential unintended consequences of a guideline. For instance, Jones and colleagues observed an increase in errors (although not statistically significant) that were not medication specific (eg, non-aseptic technique such as hand washing, swabbing vials with an alcohol wipe).

Given that the revised guidelines where to buy cheap amoxil were specific to the medication tested, it is unusual that we see a tendency toward a worsening effect on generic medication preparation skills. Again, this finding was not significant, but we highlight this to remind ourselves of the very real possibility that some interventions might introduce new and unexpected errors in response to changing workflow and practice6. Simulations offer an opportunity to spot these risks in advance.Now that Jones et al have seen how the revised guidelines change behaviour, they are optimally positioned to move forward where to buy cheap amoxil. On one hand, they have the option of revising the guidelines further in attempts to address these resistant errors, and on the other, they can consider designing other interventions to be implemented in parallel with their user-tested guidance.

At first glance, the errors that were resistant to change appear to be mechanical tasks that end users might where to buy cheap amoxil think of as applying uniformly to multiple medications (eg, flush errors, non-aseptic technique). Therefore, a second intervention that has a more general scope (rather than drug specific) might be pursued. Regardless of what they decide to pursue, we applaud their measured approach and highlight that the key takeaway is that their next steps are supported with clearer evidence of what to expect when the guidelines are released—certainly a helpful piece of information to guide decisions as to whether broad implementation of guidelines is justified.Caveats and conclusionSimulation is where to buy cheap amoxil not a panacea—it is not able to assess longitudinal adherence, and there are limitations to how realistically clinicians behave when observed for a few sample procedures when under the scrutiny of observers. Further, studies where interventions are implemented to assess whether they move the needle on the outcomes we care about (eg, adverse events, length of stay, patient mortality) are needed and should continue.

However, having end users where to buy cheap amoxil physically perform clinical tasks with the intervention in representative environments represents an important strategy to assess the degree to which guidelines and other decision support interventions in fact promote the desired behaviours and to spot problems in advance of implementation. Such simulation testing is not currently a routine step in intervention design. We hope it becomes a more common phenomenon, with more improvement work following the example of the approach so effectively demonstrated by Jones and colleagues..

What may interact with Amoxil?

• amiloride
• birth control pills
• chloramphenicol
• macrolides
• probenecid
• sulfonamides
• tetracyclines

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care providers a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

Is amoxil the same as amoxicillin

Said in its annual is amoxil the same as amoxicillin report on hurricane risk. Previous hurricane reports by CoreLogic, a leading property risk researcher, have estimated only potential storm surge damage from hurricanes. Storm surge is less of a threat than wind, CoreLogic found, estimating that $1.9 trillion worth of property could sustain storm surge damage during the Atlantic hurricane season that began officially yesterday. €œIt’s important is amoxil the same as amoxicillin for people to know. Is it a dual threat or is it mostly wind that I should worry about?.

€ said CoreLogic principal Tom Larsen. Most properties at risk of storm surge damage are is amoxil the same as amoxicillin also at risk of hurricane wind damage. The potential for wind damage has huge implications for insurance companies, which cover wind damage through standard homeowners policies. Flood damage, by contrast, is not covered in most homeowners policies, a distinction that pushes many people to buy separate policies to cover water damage. €œAs hurricanes grow stronger, property losses will continue to mount and the insurance industry will see increased financial implications,” the is amoxil the same as amoxicillin CoreLogic report says.

Climate change and development patterns are increasing the potential for property damage as hurricanes generate more rainfall and as sea levels rise, intensifying storm surge. Since the 1980s, weather-related losses in the U.S. Have increased by between 70% is amoxil the same as amoxicillin and 90% each decade, CoreLogic said. €œAnd this trend isn’t slowing,” the report says. €œAs climate change continues to reshape the way storms behave, the risk in these hurricane-prone areas will continue to increase.” The increasing damage also is caused by people moving from “expensive metropolitan areas to high-risk, more affordable coastal areas,” the report says.

€œThese areas are typically low-lying, hurricane prone and especially subject to the climate-related factors at play including sea level rise, extreme rainfall events and possible increases in hurricane intensity.” The New York City metropolitan area, which includes parts of New Jersey but not Long Island, continues to have the greatest is amoxil the same as amoxicillin financial exposure to hurricane damage, with $1.7 trillion worth of property at risk, CoreLogic found. That’s more than triple the $555 billion worth of property that is at risk in second-place Miami, which includes Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties in Florida. Florida accounts for six of the 10 metropolitan areas facing the greatest hurricane risk. In addition is amoxil the same as amoxicillin to Miami, the at-risk areas are Tampa, Fort Myers, Bradenton, Jacksonville and Naples. Other areas in the top 10 are New Orleans, which is ranked third.

Virginia Beach, Va., ranked fifth. And Houston, ranked eighth is amoxil the same as amoxicillin. The report finds that metro areas face different threats. In New Orleans, storm surge and hurricane winds are projected to cause roughly similar amounts of damage. But in Houston, hurricane winds are projected to cause nearly nine times as is amoxil the same as amoxicillin much property damage as storm surge.

€œHouston is about 12 miles inland,” Larsen of CoreLogic said. €œDuring Hurricane Ike in 2008, we saw wind can go deeper inland and really affect the housing. But storm surge will be primarily focused on the coastal area.” In New Orleans, by contrast, “the is amoxil the same as amoxicillin homes are much closer to the water and more vulnerable” to storm surge, Larsen said. Reprinted from E&E News with permission from POLITICO, LLC. Copyright 2021.

E&E News provides essential news for energy and environment professionals.*Editor's Note is amoxil the same as amoxicillin (6/2/2021). Shortly after this article was published, NASA announced its decision to fly not one but both proposed Venus missions, VERITAS and DAVINCI+, beginning a new era of exploration for Earth's estranged sister world. Like many kids, Sue Smrekar dreamed that she would one day voyage into space. But instead of becoming an astronaut, she ended up as a planetary geophysicist is amoxil the same as amoxicillin at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where she worked on robotic explorers of other worlds. In some sense, her interplanetary destiny seemed preordained even before she was born.

Her father hails from a rural community in Pennsylvania named Venus. Fittingly, the very first mission Smrekar worked on was NASA’s ambitious (and wildly successful) Venus orbiter Magellan is amoxil the same as amoxicillin. Launched in 1989, Magellan was equipped with a sophisticated radar system, one that peered beneath the planet’s omnipresent clouds to map its entire surface for the first time. Smrekar recalls watching the initial radar images come in, revealing a bizarre world covered in few craters, a surfeit of volcanoes and rolling plains of frozen lava. Magellan’s explorations ended in 1994 when, its objectives met and its solar-power panels degraded, the orbiter is amoxil the same as amoxicillin was sent plunging into Venus’s atmosphere.

Although it raised a plethora of tantalizing questions about the planet’s past and present, Magellan marked the last time NASA sent a dedicated mission to Venus. Just as Smrekar and other Venus-minded researchers were beginning to grapple with the planet’s mysteries, as unveiled by Magellan, sensational claims of life on Mars captured the public imagination. Today, a quarter-century later, most of the global planetary-science community still remains wrapped up in the so-far-fruitless search for Martian life is amoxil the same as amoxicillin. All the while, Venus—an acidic, superhot, arid and presumably lifeless wasteland—has languished in the shadows. Sue Smrekar, a planetary geophysicist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and principal investigator of the proposed VERITAS mission to Venus.

Credit. Steve Rostker “Currently, the Venus community is a bit like Boston Red Sox fans prior to 2004, who lived under the ‘curse of the Bambino’ for endless decades,” Smrekar says, referring to the baseball team’s 86-year championship drought. Yet like some of her steadfast colleagues, she has remained motivated through decades of disappointment by one of the most compelling unanswered questions in planetary science. What transformed Venus—a near twin of Earth in size and composition—into such an unearthly and downright apocalyptic state?. Why did these two similar, adjacent planets have such staggeringly divergent stories?.

Perhaps the time for answers has finally come. NASA is about to pick which interplanetary mission—or pair of missions—it will send into space next. The space agency has four options. One would visit a moon of Neptune, another would rendezvous with a Jovian moon, and two would return to Venus. Smrekar is the principal investigator of one of those Venusian hopefuls, and the entire community is holding its breath alongside her.

€œWe are all desperately hoping the ‘Venus curse’ will be lifted,” she says. Will it?. Turning Their Back on the Devil Although NASA got there first with the Mariner 2 flyby in 1962, for much of the cold war, Venus really belonged to the Soviet Union. Its Venera mission program, consisting of a series of mostly landers flung at Earth’s neighbor, first found success in 1967—when Venera 4 entered and transmitted data from the Venusian atmosphere, revealing hints of the planet’s horrors to stunned scientists who had expected more clement conditions. Multiple successful Venera landings helped nudge NASA back to Venus in 1978 with the launch of the Pioneer mission, an orbiter-probe combo.

After the Soviets flew two showy balloon-lofted probes through the planet’s atmosphere, NASA upped the ante with the radar-wielding Magellan orbiter. With each subsequent mission, it became clearer this exercise in interplanetary one-upmanship was over a world nightmarishly ill-suited for future human exploration. Venus’s thick atmosphere, comprised of around 95 percent carbon dioxide, is suffocating. Its cloud layers are packed with sulfuric acid—enough to chew through skin, bone and metal in moments. If you stood on the surface, you would escape the corrosive rain but only because rain down there is impossible.

The ground bakes at more than 900 degrees Fahrenheit, hot enough to broil any astronaut or robot that dared to venture on it. If you were miraculously heat-resistant, you would still have to contend with a surface pressure that is at least 92 times of that on Earth, making the experience like being a mile or more underwater. No matter which part of the planet you visited, you would die a quick but agonizing death. Artist’s rendition of a Soviet-era Venera lander on the hostile Venusian surface. Credit.

Reimund Bertrams “It is the best planet, no question,” says a smirking Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at North Carolina State University. This is an unsurprising answer from Byrne, an unabashed Venusian zealot. To him, the planet’s terrors are all part of its intrigue. Something unleashed them all long ago. Byrne wants to find out what opened Pandora’s box.

Since Magellan, Venus has been rather lonely. Europe’s Venus Express spacecraft orbited it from 2005 to 2014. Japan’s Akatsuki orbiter, which successfully entered orbit in 2015, remains there to this day, studying the Venusian atmosphere and hunting for its elusive lightning. If it were up to Byrne, there would be plenty of spacecraft flying around or landing on Venus today. Instead, he says, Venus is “a planet nobody has given a shit about for 30 years.” The turning point arrived in 1996, when a cadre of reputable scientists published a paper announcing they had found microscopic fossils in a Martian meteorite named ALH 84001.

Then president Bill Clinton gave a speech on the South Lawn of the White House about the discovery, telling the world that “the American space program will put its full intellectual power and technological prowess behind the search for further evidence of life on Mars.” The discovery didn’t really pan out—further studies, reported with considerably less fanfare, suggested the “microfossils” could just as well have been entirely abiotic mineral formations. But the dream of finding life proved too enchanting to dismiss. Mission after mission was sent to Mars, each building off the successes of its predecessors. All of them had their own unique objectives, but most were framed by the search for water and, ultimately, microbes. Politicians and the public alike were hooked by that prospect, making it easier to justify funding and sending additional orbiters, landers and rovers to Mars.

With each success, more early-career scientists were drawn in, lured by funding opportunities and fresh data to work with. Those missions also took on their own personalities, becoming anthropomorphized in comics and obituaries. €œWe love the idea of all these cute robots hanging out on Mars,” says Clara Sousa-Silva, an astrochemist at the Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass. Mars has its own gargantuan PR machine, one fueled by NASA, public enthusiasts and scientists who simply wish to study the easily accessible and somewhat Earth-like planet right next door. It also benefits from the attention of a handful of publicity-hungry billionaires with grandiose ambitions (or delusions) of making it habitable.

€œVenus doesn’t really have [a PR campaign],” Sousa-Silva says, “probably because you can’t plant a flag on it.” View of the mountainous terrain of Venus’s Alpha Regio region, based on data returned by NASA’s Magellan orbiter. Credit. NASA and JPL-Caltech “I don’t want to say that Mars has an inviolable hold over the public,” Byrne says, “but it kind of does.” The disproportionate amount of attention Mars gets proves frustrating. Byrne regularly quips that he wishes to blow up Mars, Death-Star-at-Alderaan-style, so everyone would be forced to reconsider Venus instead. He is only half-joking.

Another problem is that Venus is a prolific destroyer of droids, whether corroding them in acid clouds or broiling and crushing them in its pressure-cooker air. Orbiters survive just fine, but studying the enigmatic surface requires excellent radar capabilities, lest the hidden realm below be completely obfuscated by the dense, overlying clouds. Conversely, with a thinner and transparent atmosphere and a cold, dry surface plagued only occasionally by global dust storms, “Mars is the ideal place to do a lot of planetary surface exploration,” Byrne says. But is Mars more valuable to science than Venus?. “I do not remotely think so,” he says.

One strike against Mars is its size. At only one-sixth the volume of Earth and containing just one-tenth of our planet’s mass, it is not really “Earth-like” at all—at least, not compared with Venus, which, by those metrics, is practically our planetary twin. There is, of course, the problem of its spacecraft-slaying environment. Heat-resistant electronics that can resist the Venusian inferno are being developed for in situ exploration, but nothing yet exists that could give a surface mission more than a couple of hours of survivability. Even so, Byrne says, Venus’s bulk similarity to our own planet makes it a better pedagogical option for learning about what makes—and breaks—Earth-like worlds.

€œVenus is going to be hard,” Byrne says. €œBut that’s not a reason not to do it.” The Truth Seeker and the Artist A few of NASA’s robotic space exploration endeavors are decided competitively. Typically, teams of scientists and engineers work together for several years to develop profoundly detailed proposals for missions that are then judged by senior agency officials. The cheapest of these contests are the Discovery missions, with a per-project price tag of around $600 million or less. NASA’s ruthless selection process for these missions has far-reaching ramifications.

For every winner, there are dozens of losers, collectively representing a huge swath of the solar system that remains underexplored. €œDozens of Venus missions have been proposed to NASA” since Magellan, Smrekar says. €œNone have been selected. Every mission competition, people think Venus’s number will surely come up.” It never has. Despite this Sisyphean malediction, with each call for new proposals, the community still tries to push its boulder back to the mountaintop.

In February 2020 NASA picked four concept studies as the latest round of Discovery finalists. Two of them were missions to Venus. The first—the Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography, and Spectroscopy mission, or VERITAS (Latin for “truth”)—is led by Smrekar. This orbiter’s state-of-the-art radar system would generate an unprecedentedly detailed map of the planet. It would replace the relatively low-resolution cartography of Magellan with glorious 3-D topographic charts packed with detail, from individual volcanoes and their lava-licked landscapes to fault systems streaking through the land like scars.

Illustration of the proposed VERITAS orbiter at Venus. Credit. NASA and JPL-Caltech VERITAS would also see in infrared, distinguishing specific minerals on the surface by their characteristic thermal glow and adding crucial context to what would already be an impressive survey of Venusian geology. This orbiter’s work would not just be, in a manner of speaking, skin-deep. Another of its instruments would peer into the guts of Venus, mapping the varying strength of the planet’s gravitational field to visualize the layer-cake structure of its interior.

This mission, Smrekar says, would finally give scientists a high-fidelity view of Venus akin to the richly detailed data sets they have long possessed for the moon and Mars. VERITAS may seem like a shoo-in for NASA’s next Discovery selection, but it faces steep competition from DAVINCI+ (Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble Gases, Chemistry, and Imaging Plus). Named after the Renaissance-era master of everything, the DAVINCI+ mission is helmed by Jim Garvin, chief scientist of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Like Smrekar, he has been captivated by enigmatic planets for most of his life and self-effacingly shirks any limelight, almost to a fault. When asked to share some fun facts about himself, Garvin once said that he is “probably too boring for words.” Jim Garvin, chief scientist of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and principal investigator of the proposed DAVINCI+ mission to Venus.

Credit. NASA and Bill Ingalls The same descriptor cannot be applied to his team’s mission concept, a somewhat more bombastic endeavor that would drop an American probe into the Venusian maw for the first time since 1978. It would tumble through the tempestuous atmosphere, gulping and analyzing its constituent chemicals during its intentionally deadly journey. As the clouds parted and the surface approached, it would use its cameras to take the most high-resolution images of the planet’s mountainous and geologically complex Alpha Regio region to date, while infrared detectors would parse out the terrain’s mineralogy. The probe would expire shortly after it landed but not before beaming back the game-changing data gathered during its parachute-slowed plunge.

Its descent probe may be the star of the show, but DAVINCI+ has an orbiter component, too. It would lack the radar systems that VERITAS would boast, but its cameras would peruse the atmosphere and the surface in uaviolet and infrared, teasing out details that would thrill atmospheric scientists and geologists alike. Scientists want to know whether or not Venus’s climate has always been so catastrophically awful. €œDAVINCI+ was designed to attack this question,” Garvin says. The Many Deaths of Venus The most telling clue we possess about Venus’s cataclysmic history is the elevated heavy water content of its atmosphere—a finding that dates back to NASA’s Pioneer mission in 1978.

Heavy water is a rarer version of the far more commonplace H2O, or normal water, in which ordinary hydrogen has been replaced with deuterium—that is, with hydrogen atoms bearing an extra neutron. Given that it is heavier than ordinary water, heavy water is harder to boil off into space than its lighter counterpart. Venus’s overabundance of heavy water is thought to be the dregs from an ocean’s worth of normal water that once graced the planet untold eons ago. To learn what really happened to Venus, we need to find out what happened to all that water. The planet, Garvin says, should not be thought of as a hellish pandemonium but “as an ocean world that lost its oceans.” How did it lose them?.

The dearth of Venusian data means that this question, like all others, currently lacks definitive answers. But that has not stopped scientists from imagining what those answers might be—and how missions such as VERITAS and DAVINCI+could confirm them. One such dreamer is Michael Way, a research scientist at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. In recent years he and his colleagues have peered into the possible pasts of Venus using detailed computer simulations. According to Way’s models, the slow but steady brightening of the newborn sun as it aged (a property common to all sunlike stars) may have doomed Venus in its infancy, cooking the young planet so severely that any water could only exist as steam.

All that water vapor, a potent greenhouse gas, would quickly raise the temperature, compounded by the effects of carbon dioxide, another greenhouse gas that bubbled from what was then a planet-wide magma ocean. If the sun was the villain in Venus’s climate history, then the planet was “dead from day one,” Way says. If the young sun’s early brightening was not the culprit, then another antagonist could be to blame for Venus’s present-day state. Way suspects volcanoes. Like stars, they influence every single thing that happens on the surface of a planet, from the evolution of a world’s atmosphere to the fate of its oceans.

Several times in Earth’s past, continent-size eruptions of lava that persisted for hundreds of thousands to millions of years vented enormous volumes of greenhouse gases into the sky, either contributing to or being largely responsible for mass extinctions through the ensuing rapid climate change. On Earth, these monster eruptions have (so far) occurred in isolation, each registering as a disruptive blip in our planet’s geologic history. But if a handful happened on Venus simultaneously, they could have released so much carbon dioxide that the oceans would begin to evaporate, filling the atmosphere with heat-trapping water vapor and kicking off an inescapable feedback cycle that would have scorched the world. So. Whodunnit?.

[embedded content] Speculative animation of Venus’s possible transformation from a once habitable ocean planet to the inhospitable world we see today. Credit. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab DAVINCI+ can help determine when Venus lost its water, thanks to its ability to sniff out the so-called noble gases in its atmosphere, including, among others, xenon, argon and helium. Each gas has multiple versions of itself—some heavier, some lighter—and scientists know where each version comes from. For example, helium-3 comes from a planet’s deep interior, but helium-4, a heavier type of helium, is born from radioactive decay in the crust above.

Like this pair, several versions of other noble gases reside in a planet’s atmosphere. Importantly, noble gases do not react with other geophysically relevant compounds, including carbon dioxide and water. That means they are effectively postmarked messages, revealing not only their planetary origins but also when and how they were delivered to Venus’s skies. Measurements of such gases could indicate that Venus was bone-dry from the very beginning. If so, that would imply the youthful sun was our world-scorching culprit.

If, however, the sun did not brighten quite so speedily in its youth, then Venus’s carbon-dioxide-belching magma ocean should have frozen over, allowing liquid water to form and pool on the surface. Venus could have been a tropical world of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Martha Gilmore, a planetary geologist at Wesleyan University, who is part of both the DAVINCI+ and VERITAS teams, bristles with excitement over the notion. €œThere’s no reason, according to what we know about the planets, that Venus was not habitable at its onset,” she says. Right now the consensus odds are on mega eruptions exterminating Venus’s oceans.

This could have happened early on, but perhaps DAVINCI+ will reveal that Venus was a water world well into its planetary adolescence. €œI think the question about Venus is. Were there oceans for billions of years on the surface?. € says Joseph O’Rourke, a planetary scientist at Arizona State University. O’Rourke grins when posing that question, ecstatic at the thought that, for much of its lifetime, Venus, too was another pale blue dot orbiting the sun—an eventual paradise lost to Earth’s persistent one.

He is not alone. €œOne of the most foundational questions there is is. How do you get an Earth-size world that looks so completely different to Earth?. € Byrne says. €œIf we find out that Venus was like Earth, and it got ruined—oh, that’s the story!.

€ Illustration of the DAVINCI+ probe descending through the Venusian atmosphere on its way to the planet’s surface. Credit. NASA and GSFC If Venus was indeed a water world for eons, then it also must have had plate tectonics. This mountain-making, basin-carving, volcano-building process, which influences almost everything on Earth’s surface, also serves as a planetary thermostat. Atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in the oceans, where it gets trapped in tectonic plates that dive into the superheated mantle undergirding the crust.

Eventually, that greenhouse gas will be liberated again, flowing to the surface and then the sky in an assortment of volcanic eruptions fueled by deep-seated magma. Much of a terrestrial planet’s long-term climatic stability comes down to this carbon-cycling process. On Venus, VERITAS’s radar system could spy ancient or active faulting, signs that this habitability-defining cycle once took place. Both missions would also examine the tesserae, odd continentlike plateaus that dot the Venusian surface. Most of the planet is covered in lava flows (which must have erupted long after the epic climate-changing volcanism that may have boiled off its water).

Rising high above these lava flows, the tesserae are thought to represent the oldest rocks on Venus. €œThey could be half a billion years old, they could be four billion years old—we don’t know,” Gilmore says. Scientists also do not know what they are. If the tesserae truly are continental rocks akin to those of Earth, they would have needed plenty of water to be made. This would be concrete evidence that Venus was once a water world.

€œThat would blow people’s minds,” O’Rourke says. If they contain layers, as Byrne and his colleagues have recently suggested, they may be sedimentary features, preserving evidence of ancient rivers and lakes. Alternatively, they may be pancakelike layers of lava, perhaps remnants of the ancient global volcanism that destroyed the sky. DAVINCI+’s probe, O’Rourke says, would get an extremely close-up and detailed view of just one tessera. €œWe don’t even know that all the tesserae are the same, so just picking one is a bit of a gamble,” he says.

€œBut DAVINCI+ will get superb, human-scale geology images that you just can’t really do from orbit.” On the other hand, VERITAS would provide a map of every tessera, albeit with less overall detail. VERITAS’s dynamic map of Venus, which could discern changes by imaging one spot on the surface several times, may also finally show that the planet is still volcanically active today. This is a long-held belief supported by plenty of circumstantial evidence, but so far scientists have not managed to witness the smoking-gun proof of a live eruption. €œIt would be just plain cool to find an active volcano,” Smrekar says. Confirming that such a key planetary process is still churning away is more than merely ticking a box.

Like all tumultuous, transformative tectonic activity, volcanoes are powered by what goes on in the deep interior of worlds. Catching erupting volcanoes in the act would provide an open window into Venus’s dark geologic heart, allowing scientists to compare the vigor of its rhythm to that of Earth’s. A Time of Hope and Fear VERITAS and DAVINCI+ are far from hastily hashed-out proposals. Sketches of both mission designs began cropping up more than a decade ago. (Versions of both were finalists in the last Discovery competition in 2017, but they lost out to Psyche and Lucy, two asteroid investigation missions.) Each proposal is built on more than half a century of scientific comprehension.

It has been a long, stressful journey for both. Yet as the latest Discovery announcement has approached, tension levels peaked. The last few months have been an especially taxing experience for both mission teams, who have worked around the clock to impress the arbiters of their future. €œTo really describe the effort over the last year would take a novel,” Smrekar says. The concept study report her team submitted to the judges last November was “just shy of the number of pages in War and Peace.” Persisting through the amoxil has also taken its psychological toll.

€œTeams work intensely together. Perhaps especially under buy antibiotics, the team becomes a little family,” Smrekar says. €œI’m immensely grateful to, and in total awe of, the people who had to manage small children at home or take care of elders during this last year.” Martha Gilmore, a planetary geologist at Wesleyan University, who is part of both the DAVINCI+ and VERITAS teams. Credit. Henry Greenwood VERITAS and DAVINCI+ are up against two indisputably outstanding mission concepts.

The first is the Io Volcano Observer, or IVO, which would visit the eponymous Jovian moon—the most volcanic object known to science and the best place to understand how gravitational tides can keep worlds geologically active long after our naive estimates of their expiration dates. The second mission concept is Trident, which would head to Neptune’s moon Triton, a relic of the outermost solar system kept puzzlingly youthful by some scarcely glimpsed form of icy volcanism. Judged solely on their innate merits, each of the four concepts should stand an excellent chance of winning. But for one or some to win this contest, others must lose. In weighing the odds, it is impossible to ignore the fact that on September 14, 2020, a wild card was drawn that may have tipped the scales in Venus’s favor.

A team of scientists announced that, using two telescopes, they had detected phosphine around a particular altitude in the Venusian clouds where temperatures and pressures could allow droplets of liquid water to exist. Phosphine can be made by volcanism and lightning, but it can also be made by microbes, which raises the possibility that this discovery was indirect evidence of alien life. In the blink of an eye, interest in both phosphine and Venus—from the public, media and scientific community—exploded. The veracity of the detection has been called into question in the months since, with analyses either corroborating or nixing it. Ultimately, whether or not there is phosphine, and whether or not it is being manufactured by microbes, is not all that counts here.

This controversy has also underscored a stone-cold fact. There is a global region of Venus’s clouds that is neither too hot nor too acidic to fundamentally preclude the possibility of indigenous microbes flourishing there, having adapted to dwell in those conditions. On Earth, scientists cannot seem to stop finding microbes—thriving, surviving or dormant—in places that would promptly kill plants and animals. Mars’s surface is an irradiated, frigid desert hostile to life, but microbes may find a home in the potentially warmer, wetter subsurface. Like Mars, Venus is helping to redefine the meaning of habitability.

€œA hellish planet isn’t necessarily inhospitable in every way,” says Sousa-Silva, a member of the original phosphine discovery team. Though it has been suggested that DAVINCI+ could detect phosphine as it makes its plunge, neither it nor VERITAS were designed to study this suddenly fashionable chemical compound. But both could help constrain the other processes that can make phosphine, from volcanism to atmospheric alchemy. In any event, perhaps what matters most is that phosphine made Venus infamous, giving it a PR boost much like the suspicious-looking meteorite gave Mars in 1996. Not long after the announcement of the phosphine discovery, Way gave a talk at a conference about Venus.

When he got to his phosphine slide, he said, “I don’t know what it means, and I don’t care. All I care about is that we’re talking about Venus!. € There is no doubt that the phosphine furor has been anything but a boon for planetary scientists eager to study Earth’s “evil twin.” But Venus’s mysteries have been worth decoding long before this chemical flamboyantly sauntered onstage. €œI think [phosphine] is the icing on the cake for us,” Gilmore says, “because Venus is compelling irrespective of life.” Smrekar and Garvin know this better than anyone. Both are Venus veterans who have been in the field since before the Magellan era.

Both want answers to their long-held questions, to snatch the low-hanging fruit that has simply hung there, criminally unplucked, for decades. While Mars-centric scientists have frequented mission control rooms, erupting into cheers as the latest robot joins its friends on that rusted world, Venus proponents have worked and waited, torturing themselves over the thought that, this time, this time, NASA may pick a mission to head back to Venus. €œI have been nervous for the past 41 years,” Garvin says. €œTo say we’re nervous is an understatement,” Smrekar admits, speaking of her own team. €œThose of us who are very close to the mission have poured our hearts, our weekends, our ingenuity into making this happen.” The lack of a win for either team would come as a huge blow.

If neither mission is selected, many will perceive such a decision as absurd, perhaps even insulting. The spacecraft designs are the best they can be. The momentum of the community is impossible to ignore. Now it has phosphine in its corner. The Venusian community is tenacious, Garvin says, and it would persist even in the face of failure.

Smrekar agrees but says she cannot contemplate taking charge of yet another mission proposal from the ashes of VERITAS. For her, this round of Discovery is all or nothing, and a loss will cause “immense frustration and distress on a personal level.” Even if both VERITAS and DAVINCI+are rejected, there are some reasons to be optimistic. Other space agencies, including those of Russia, Europe and India, have been seriously pondering a return to Venus themselves and may carry the torch if NASA fails to pick it up. Younger Venusian scientists, such as O’Rourke, wish to keep the fire burning, too, even as the community’s venerable legends fade into retirement. €œThe last time a U.S.

Spacecraft entered orbit around Venus, I was 10 days old,” O’Rourke says. Despite the lack of mission opportunities, “I just got into it, like a lot of people my age, because it’s obviously so interesting.” He suspects that the appetite for Venus science will be unquenched, no matter what happens with NASA’s latest Discovery competition. Fear lingers in the words of the Venusians. But thanks to worlds orbiting alien stars, so does another note of hope. Exoplanet hunters have caught sight of a multitude of Earth- and Venus-size worlds far from our galactic backwater, each of them an Elysium or a Tartarus.

Yet current telescopic technology makes distinguishing between the two almost impossible. For now, studying Venus up close may be the only route to reliable estimates of which is more common in the cosmos. Earths or Venuses. Exoplanet hunters are starting to acknowledge this fact, reckoning that maybe they should know the solar system itself a little better, Sousa-Silva says, “if nothing else, because it’s such a good lab for exoplanet research.” Cracking the case of Venus would clearly be to the benefit of not just a select few but everyone in the planetary science community. €œOnly Venus can tell us why our home planet is unique in our solar system and the likelihood of actually finding Earth 2.0 around another star,” Smrekar says.

Both teams hope that this widely shared conviction, along with many lifetimes’ worth of work, will finally push at least one of them across the finish line—and that an emissary will once again visit the beguiling world that has dominated their dreams. €œHonestly, if they don’t pick us this time,” Gilmore begins before pausing for a moment, “I don’t know what else we can do.” Epilogue On the afternoon of June 2, NASA administrator Bill Nelson made an announcement to the world. The venerable space agency was heading back to Venus with not one but two missions.

Said in its annual report on hurricane where to buy cheap amoxil risk. Previous hurricane reports by CoreLogic, a leading property risk researcher, have estimated only potential storm surge damage from hurricanes. Storm surge is less of a threat than wind, CoreLogic found, estimating that $1.9 trillion worth of property could sustain storm surge damage during the Atlantic hurricane season that began officially yesterday. €œIt’s important for people to where to buy cheap amoxil know. Is it a dual threat or is it mostly wind that I should worry about?.

€ said CoreLogic principal Tom Larsen. Most properties at risk of storm surge damage are where to buy cheap amoxil also at risk of hurricane wind damage. The potential for wind damage has huge implications for insurance companies, which cover wind damage through standard homeowners policies. Flood damage, by contrast, is not covered in most homeowners policies, a distinction that pushes many people to buy separate policies to cover water damage. €œAs hurricanes grow stronger, property losses will continue to mount and the insurance industry will see increased financial implications,” the CoreLogic where to buy cheap amoxil report says.

Climate change and development patterns are increasing the potential for property damage as hurricanes generate more rainfall and as sea levels rise, intensifying storm surge. Since the 1980s, weather-related losses in the U.S. Have increased by between 70% and 90% each decade, where to buy cheap amoxil CoreLogic said. €œAnd this trend isn’t slowing,” the report says. €œAs climate change continues to reshape the way storms behave, the risk in these hurricane-prone areas will continue to increase.” The increasing damage also is caused by people moving from “expensive metropolitan areas to high-risk, more affordable coastal areas,” the report says.

€œThese areas are where to buy cheap amoxil typically low-lying, hurricane prone and especially subject to the climate-related factors at play including sea level rise, extreme rainfall events and possible increases in hurricane intensity.” The New York City metropolitan area, which includes parts of New Jersey but not Long Island, continues to have the greatest financial exposure to hurricane damage, with $1.7 trillion worth of property at risk, CoreLogic found. That’s more than triple the $555 billion worth of property that is at risk in second-place Miami, which includes Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties in Florida. Florida accounts for six of the 10 metropolitan areas facing the greatest hurricane risk. In addition to Miami, the at-risk areas are Tampa, Fort Myers, where to buy cheap amoxil Bradenton, Jacksonville and Naples. Other areas in the top 10 are New Orleans, which is ranked third.

Virginia Beach, Va., ranked fifth. And Houston, where to buy cheap amoxil ranked eighth. The report finds that metro areas face different threats. In New Orleans, storm surge and hurricane winds are projected to cause roughly similar amounts of damage. But in Houston, hurricane winds are projected to cause nearly nine times as much property damage where to buy cheap amoxil as storm surge.

€œHouston is about 12 miles inland,” Larsen of CoreLogic said. €œDuring Hurricane Ike in 2008, we saw wind can go deeper inland and really affect the housing. But storm surge will be primarily focused on the coastal area.” In New Orleans, by contrast, “the homes are much closer to where to buy cheap amoxil the water and more vulnerable” to storm surge, Larsen said. Reprinted from E&E News with permission from POLITICO, LLC. Copyright 2021.

E&E News provides essential news for energy where to buy cheap amoxil and environment professionals.*Editor's Note (6/2/2021). Shortly after this article was published, NASA announced its decision to fly not one but both proposed Venus missions, VERITAS and DAVINCI+, beginning a new era of exploration for Earth's estranged sister world. Like many kids, Sue Smrekar dreamed that she would one day voyage into space. But instead of becoming an astronaut, she ended up as a planetary geophysicist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where she worked on robotic explorers of where to buy cheap amoxil other worlds. In some sense, her interplanetary destiny seemed preordained even before she was born.

Her father hails from a rural community in Pennsylvania named Venus. Fittingly, the very first mission Smrekar worked on was NASA’s ambitious (and wildly successful) Venus orbiter Magellan where to buy cheap amoxil. Launched in 1989, Magellan was equipped with a sophisticated radar system, one that peered beneath the planet’s omnipresent clouds to map its entire surface for the first time. Smrekar recalls watching the initial radar images come in, revealing a bizarre world covered in few craters, a surfeit of volcanoes and rolling plains of frozen lava. Magellan’s explorations ended in 1994 when, its objectives met and its solar-power panels degraded, the orbiter was sent plunging into Venus’s atmosphere where to buy cheap amoxil.

Although it raised a plethora of tantalizing questions about the planet’s past and present, Magellan marked the last time NASA sent a dedicated mission to Venus. Just as Smrekar and other Venus-minded researchers were beginning to grapple with the planet’s mysteries, as unveiled by Magellan, sensational claims of life on Mars captured the public imagination. Today, a quarter-century later, most of the global planetary-science community still remains wrapped up in the so-far-fruitless search for Martian life where to buy cheap amoxil. All the while, Venus—an acidic, superhot, arid and presumably lifeless wasteland—has languished in the shadows. Sue Smrekar, a planetary geophysicist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and principal investigator of the proposed VERITAS mission to Venus.

Credit. Steve Rostker “Currently, the Venus community is a bit like Boston Red Sox fans prior to 2004, who lived under the ‘curse of the Bambino’ for endless decades,” Smrekar says, referring to the baseball team’s 86-year championship drought. Yet like some of her steadfast colleagues, she has remained motivated through decades of disappointment by one of the most compelling unanswered questions in planetary science. What transformed Venus—a near twin of Earth in size and composition—into such an unearthly and downright apocalyptic state?. Why did these two similar, adjacent planets have such staggeringly divergent stories?.

Perhaps the time for answers has finally come. NASA is about to pick which interplanetary mission—or pair of missions—it will send into space next. The space agency has four options. One would visit a moon of Neptune, another would rendezvous with a Jovian moon, and two would return to Venus. Smrekar is the principal investigator of one of those Venusian hopefuls, and the entire community is holding its breath alongside her.

€œWe are all desperately hoping the ‘Venus curse’ will be lifted,” she says. Will it?. Turning Their Back on the Devil Although NASA got there first with the Mariner 2 flyby in 1962, for much of the cold war, Venus really belonged to the Soviet Union. Its Venera mission program, consisting of a series of mostly landers flung at Earth’s neighbor, first found success in 1967—when Venera 4 entered and transmitted data from the Venusian atmosphere, revealing hints of the planet’s horrors to stunned scientists who had expected more clement conditions. Multiple successful Venera landings helped nudge NASA back to Venus in 1978 with the launch of the Pioneer mission, an orbiter-probe combo.

After the Soviets flew two showy balloon-lofted probes through the planet’s atmosphere, NASA upped the ante with the radar-wielding Magellan orbiter. With each subsequent mission, it became clearer this exercise in interplanetary one-upmanship was over a world nightmarishly ill-suited for future human exploration. Venus’s thick atmosphere, comprised of around 95 percent carbon dioxide, is suffocating. Its cloud layers are packed with sulfuric acid—enough to chew through skin, bone and metal in moments. If you stood on the surface, you would escape the corrosive rain but only because rain down there is impossible.

The ground bakes at more than 900 degrees Fahrenheit, hot enough to broil any astronaut or robot that dared to venture on it. If you were miraculously heat-resistant, you would still have to contend with a surface pressure that is at least 92 times of that on Earth, making the experience like being a mile or more underwater. No matter which part of the planet you visited, you would die a quick but agonizing death. Artist’s rendition of a Soviet-era Venera lander on the hostile Venusian surface. Credit.

Reimund Bertrams “It is the best planet, no question,” says a smirking Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at North Carolina State University. This is an unsurprising answer from Byrne, an unabashed Venusian zealot. To him, the planet’s terrors are all part of its intrigue. Something unleashed them all long ago. Byrne wants to find out what opened Pandora’s box.

Since Magellan, Venus has been rather lonely. Europe’s Venus Express spacecraft orbited it from 2005 to 2014. Japan’s Akatsuki orbiter, which successfully entered orbit in 2015, remains there to this day, studying the Venusian atmosphere and hunting for its elusive lightning. If it were up to Byrne, there would be plenty of spacecraft flying around or landing on Venus today. Instead, he says, Venus is “a planet nobody has given a shit about for 30 years.” The turning point arrived in 1996, when a cadre of reputable scientists published a paper announcing they had found microscopic fossils in a Martian meteorite named ALH 84001.

Then president Bill Clinton gave a speech on the South Lawn of the White House about the discovery, telling the world that “the American space program will put its full intellectual power and technological prowess behind the search for further evidence of life on Mars.” The discovery didn’t really pan out—further studies, reported with considerably less fanfare, suggested the “microfossils” could just as well have been entirely abiotic mineral formations. But the dream of finding life proved too enchanting to dismiss. Mission after mission was sent to Mars, each building off the successes of its predecessors. All of them had their own unique objectives, but most were framed by the search for water and, ultimately, microbes. Politicians and the public alike were hooked by that prospect, making it easier to justify funding and sending additional orbiters, landers and rovers to Mars.

With each success, more early-career scientists were drawn in, lured by funding opportunities and fresh data to work with. Those missions also took on their own personalities, becoming anthropomorphized in comics and obituaries. €œWe love the idea of all these cute robots hanging out on Mars,” says Clara Sousa-Silva, an astrochemist at the Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass. Mars has its own gargantuan PR machine, one fueled by NASA, public enthusiasts and scientists who simply wish to study the easily accessible and somewhat Earth-like planet right next door. It also benefits from the attention of a handful of publicity-hungry billionaires with grandiose ambitions (or delusions) of making it habitable.

€œVenus doesn’t really have [a PR campaign],” Sousa-Silva says, “probably because you can’t plant a flag on it.” View of the mountainous terrain of Venus’s Alpha Regio region, based on data returned by NASA’s Magellan orbiter. Credit. NASA and JPL-Caltech “I don’t want to say that Mars has an inviolable hold over the public,” Byrne says, “but it kind of does.” The disproportionate amount of attention Mars gets proves frustrating. Byrne regularly quips that he wishes to blow up Mars, Death-Star-at-Alderaan-style, so everyone would be forced to reconsider Venus instead. He is only half-joking.

Another problem is that Venus is a prolific destroyer of droids, whether corroding them in acid clouds or broiling and crushing them in its pressure-cooker air. Orbiters survive just fine, but studying the enigmatic surface requires excellent radar capabilities, lest the hidden realm below be completely obfuscated by the dense, overlying clouds. Conversely, with a thinner and transparent atmosphere and a cold, dry surface plagued only occasionally by global dust storms, “Mars is the ideal place to do a lot of planetary surface exploration,” Byrne says. But is Mars more valuable to science than Venus?. “I do not remotely think so,” he says.

One strike against Mars is its size. At only one-sixth the volume of Earth and containing just one-tenth of our planet’s mass, it is not really “Earth-like” at all—at least, not compared with Venus, which, by those metrics, is practically our planetary twin. There is, of course, the problem of its spacecraft-slaying environment. Heat-resistant electronics that can resist the Venusian inferno are being developed for in situ exploration, but nothing yet exists that could give a surface mission more than a couple of hours of survivability. Even so, Byrne says, Venus’s bulk similarity to our own planet makes it a better pedagogical option for learning about what makes—and breaks—Earth-like worlds.

€œVenus is going to be hard,” Byrne says. €œBut that’s not a reason not to do it.” The Truth Seeker and the Artist A few of NASA’s robotic space exploration endeavors are decided competitively. Typically, teams of scientists and engineers work together for several years to develop profoundly detailed proposals for missions that are then judged by senior agency officials. The cheapest of these contests are the Discovery missions, with a per-project price tag of around $600 million or less. NASA’s ruthless selection process for these missions has far-reaching ramifications.

For every winner, there are dozens of losers, collectively representing a huge swath of the solar system that remains underexplored. €œDozens of Venus missions have been proposed to NASA” since Magellan, Smrekar says. €œNone have been selected. Every mission competition, people think Venus’s number will surely come up.” It never has. Despite this Sisyphean malediction, with each call for new proposals, the community still tries to push its boulder back to the mountaintop.

In February 2020 NASA picked four concept studies as the latest round of Discovery finalists. Two of them were missions to Venus. The first—the Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography, and Spectroscopy mission, or VERITAS (Latin for “truth”)—is led by Smrekar. This orbiter’s state-of-the-art radar system would generate an unprecedentedly detailed map of the planet. It would replace the relatively low-resolution cartography of Magellan with glorious 3-D topographic charts packed with detail, from individual volcanoes and their lava-licked landscapes to fault systems streaking through the land like scars.

Illustration of the proposed VERITAS orbiter at Venus. Credit. NASA and JPL-Caltech VERITAS would also see in infrared, distinguishing specific minerals on the surface by their characteristic thermal glow and adding crucial context to what would already be an impressive survey of Venusian geology. This orbiter’s work would not just be, in a manner of speaking, skin-deep. Another of its instruments would peer into the guts of Venus, mapping the varying strength of the planet’s gravitational field to visualize the layer-cake structure of its interior.

This mission, Smrekar says, would finally give scientists a high-fidelity view of Venus akin to the richly detailed data sets they have long possessed for the moon and Mars. VERITAS may seem like a shoo-in for NASA’s next Discovery selection, but it faces steep competition from DAVINCI+ (Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble Gases, Chemistry, and Imaging Plus). Named after the Renaissance-era master of everything, the DAVINCI+ mission is helmed by Jim Garvin, chief scientist of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. Like Smrekar, he has been captivated by enigmatic planets for most of his life and self-effacingly shirks any limelight, almost to a fault. When asked to share some fun facts about himself, Garvin once said that he is “probably too boring for words.” Jim Garvin, chief scientist of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and principal investigator of the proposed DAVINCI+ mission to Venus.

Credit. NASA and Bill Ingalls The same descriptor cannot be applied to his team’s mission concept, a somewhat more bombastic endeavor that would drop an American probe into the Venusian maw for the first time since 1978. It would tumble through the tempestuous atmosphere, gulping and analyzing its constituent chemicals during its intentionally deadly journey. As the clouds parted and the surface approached, it would use its cameras to take the most high-resolution images of the planet’s mountainous and geologically complex Alpha Regio region to date, while infrared detectors would parse out the terrain’s mineralogy. The probe would expire shortly after it landed but not before beaming back the game-changing data gathered during its parachute-slowed plunge.

Its descent probe may be the star of the show, but DAVINCI+ has an orbiter component, too. It would lack the radar systems that VERITAS would boast, but its cameras would peruse the atmosphere and the surface in uaviolet and infrared, teasing out details that would thrill atmospheric scientists and geologists alike. Scientists want to know whether or not Venus’s climate has always been so catastrophically awful. €œDAVINCI+ was designed to attack this question,” Garvin says. The Many Deaths of Venus The most telling clue we possess about Venus’s cataclysmic history is the elevated heavy water content of its atmosphere—a finding that dates back to NASA’s Pioneer mission in 1978.

Heavy water is a rarer version of the far more commonplace H2O, or normal water, in which ordinary hydrogen has been replaced with deuterium—that is, with hydrogen atoms bearing an extra neutron. Given that it is heavier than ordinary water, heavy water is harder to boil off into space than its lighter counterpart. Venus’s overabundance of heavy water is thought to be the dregs from an ocean’s worth of normal water that once graced the planet untold eons ago. To learn what really happened to Venus, we need to find out what happened to all that water. The planet, Garvin says, should not be thought of as a hellish pandemonium but “as an ocean world that lost its oceans.” How did it lose them?.

The dearth of Venusian data means that this question, like all others, currently lacks definitive answers. But that has not stopped scientists from imagining what those answers might be—and how missions such as VERITAS and DAVINCI+could confirm them. One such dreamer is Michael Way, a research scientist at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. In recent years he and his colleagues have peered into the possible pasts of Venus using detailed computer simulations. According to Way’s models, the slow but steady brightening of the newborn sun as it aged (a property common to all sunlike stars) may have doomed Venus in its infancy, cooking the young planet so severely that any water could only exist as steam.

All that water vapor, a potent greenhouse gas, would quickly raise the temperature, compounded by the effects of carbon dioxide, another greenhouse gas that bubbled from what was then a planet-wide magma ocean. If the sun was the villain in Venus’s climate history, then the planet was “dead from day one,” Way says. If the young sun’s early brightening was not the culprit, then another antagonist could be to blame for Venus’s present-day state. Way suspects volcanoes. Like stars, they influence every single thing that happens on the surface of a planet, from the evolution of a world’s atmosphere to the fate of its oceans.

Several times in Earth’s past, continent-size eruptions of lava that persisted for hundreds of thousands to millions of years vented enormous volumes of greenhouse gases into the sky, either contributing to or being largely responsible for mass extinctions through the ensuing rapid climate change. On Earth, these monster eruptions have (so far) occurred in isolation, each registering as a disruptive blip in our planet’s geologic history. But if a handful happened on Venus simultaneously, they could have released so much carbon dioxide that the oceans would begin to evaporate, filling the atmosphere with heat-trapping water vapor and kicking off an inescapable feedback cycle that would have scorched the world. So. Whodunnit?.

[embedded content] Speculative animation of Venus’s possible transformation from a once habitable ocean planet to the inhospitable world we see today. Credit. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab DAVINCI+ can help determine when Venus lost its water, thanks to its ability to sniff out the so-called noble gases in its atmosphere, including, among others, xenon, argon and helium. Each gas has multiple versions of itself—some heavier, some lighter—and scientists know where each version comes from. For example, helium-3 comes from a planet’s deep interior, but helium-4, a heavier type of helium, is born from radioactive decay in the crust above.

Like this pair, several versions of other noble gases reside in a planet’s atmosphere. Importantly, noble gases do not react with other geophysically relevant compounds, including carbon dioxide and water. That means they are effectively postmarked messages, revealing not only their planetary origins but also when and how they were delivered to Venus’s skies. Measurements of such gases could indicate that Venus was bone-dry from the very beginning. If so, that would imply the youthful sun was our world-scorching culprit.

If, however, the sun did not brighten quite so speedily in its youth, then Venus’s carbon-dioxide-belching magma ocean should have frozen over, allowing liquid water to form and pool on the surface. Venus could have been a tropical world of rivers, lakes, seas and oceans. Martha Gilmore, a planetary geologist at Wesleyan University, who is part of both the DAVINCI+ and VERITAS teams, bristles with excitement over the notion. €œThere’s no reason, according to what we know about the planets, that Venus was not habitable at its onset,” she says. Right now the consensus odds are on mega eruptions exterminating Venus’s oceans.

This could have happened early on, but perhaps DAVINCI+ will reveal that Venus was a water world well into its planetary adolescence. €œI think the question about Venus is. Were there oceans for billions of years on the surface?. € says Joseph O’Rourke, a planetary scientist at Arizona State University. O’Rourke grins when posing that question, ecstatic at the thought that, for much of its lifetime, Venus, too was another pale blue dot orbiting the sun—an eventual paradise lost to Earth’s persistent one.

He is not alone. €œOne of the most foundational questions there is is. How do you get an Earth-size world that looks so completely different to Earth?. € Byrne says. €œIf we find out that Venus was like Earth, and it got ruined—oh, that’s the story!.

€ Illustration of the DAVINCI+ probe descending through the Venusian atmosphere on its way to the planet’s surface. Credit. NASA and GSFC If Venus was indeed a water world for eons, then it also must have had plate tectonics. This mountain-making, basin-carving, volcano-building process, which influences almost everything on Earth’s surface, also serves as a planetary thermostat. Atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in the oceans, where it gets trapped in tectonic plates that dive into the superheated mantle undergirding the crust.

Eventually, that greenhouse gas will be liberated again, flowing to the surface and then the sky in an assortment of volcanic eruptions fueled by deep-seated magma. Much of a terrestrial planet’s long-term climatic stability comes down to this carbon-cycling process. On Venus, VERITAS’s radar system could spy ancient or active faulting, signs that this habitability-defining cycle once took place. Both missions would also examine the tesserae, odd continentlike plateaus that dot the Venusian surface. Most of the planet is covered in lava flows (which must have erupted long after the epic climate-changing volcanism that may have boiled off its water).

Rising high above these lava flows, the tesserae are thought to represent the oldest rocks on Venus. €œThey could be half a billion years old, they could be four billion years old—we don’t know,” Gilmore says. Scientists also do not know what they are. If the tesserae truly are continental rocks akin to those of Earth, they would have needed plenty of water to be made. This would be concrete evidence that Venus was once a water world.

€œThat would blow people’s minds,” O’Rourke says. If they contain layers, as Byrne and his colleagues have recently suggested, they may be sedimentary features, preserving evidence of ancient rivers and lakes. Alternatively, they may be pancakelike layers of lava, perhaps remnants of the ancient global volcanism that destroyed the sky. DAVINCI+’s probe, O’Rourke says, would get an extremely close-up and detailed view of just one tessera. €œWe don’t even know that all the tesserae are the same, so just picking one is a bit of a gamble,” he says.

€œBut DAVINCI+ will get superb, human-scale geology images that you just can’t really do from orbit.” On the other hand, VERITAS would provide a map of every tessera, albeit with less overall detail. VERITAS’s dynamic map of Venus, which could discern changes by imaging one spot on the surface several times, may also finally show that the planet is still volcanically active today. This is a long-held belief supported by plenty of circumstantial evidence, but so far scientists have not managed to witness the smoking-gun proof of a live eruption. €œIt would be just plain cool to find an active volcano,” Smrekar says. Confirming that such a key planetary process is still churning away is more than merely ticking a box.

Like all tumultuous, transformative tectonic activity, volcanoes are powered by what goes on in the deep interior of worlds. Catching erupting volcanoes in the act would provide an open window into Venus’s dark geologic heart, allowing scientists to compare the vigor of its rhythm to that of Earth’s. A Time of Hope and Fear VERITAS and DAVINCI+ are far from hastily hashed-out proposals. Sketches of both mission designs began cropping up more than a decade ago. (Versions of both were finalists in the last Discovery competition in 2017, but they lost out to Psyche and Lucy, two asteroid investigation missions.) Each proposal is built on more than half a century of scientific comprehension.

It has been a long, stressful journey for both. Yet as the latest Discovery announcement has approached, tension levels peaked. The last few months have been an especially taxing experience for both mission teams, who have worked around the clock to impress the arbiters of their future. €œTo really describe the effort over the last year would take a novel,” Smrekar says. The concept study report her team submitted to the judges last November was “just shy of the number of pages in War and Peace.” Persisting through the amoxil has also taken its psychological toll.

€œTeams work intensely together. Perhaps especially under buy antibiotics, the team becomes a little family,” Smrekar says. €œI’m immensely grateful to, and in total awe of, the people who had to manage small children at home or take care of elders during this last year.” Martha Gilmore, a planetary geologist at Wesleyan University, who is part of both the DAVINCI+ and VERITAS teams. Credit. Henry Greenwood VERITAS and DAVINCI+ are up against two indisputably outstanding mission concepts.

The first is the Io Volcano Observer, or IVO, which would visit the eponymous Jovian moon—the most volcanic object known to science and the best place to understand how gravitational tides can keep worlds geologically active long after our naive estimates of their expiration dates. The second mission concept is Trident, which would head to Neptune’s moon Triton, a relic of the outermost solar system kept puzzlingly youthful by some scarcely glimpsed form of icy volcanism. Judged solely on their innate merits, each of the four concepts should stand an excellent chance of winning. But for one or some to win this contest, others must lose. In weighing the odds, it is impossible to ignore the fact that on September 14, 2020, a wild card was drawn that may have tipped the scales in Venus’s favor.

A team of scientists announced that, using two telescopes, they had detected phosphine around a particular altitude in the Venusian clouds where temperatures and pressures could allow droplets of liquid water to exist. Phosphine can be made by volcanism and lightning, but it can also be made by microbes, which raises the possibility that this discovery was indirect evidence of alien life. In the blink of an eye, interest in both phosphine and Venus—from the public, media and scientific community—exploded. The veracity of the detection has been called into question in the months since, with analyses either corroborating or nixing it. Ultimately, whether or not there is phosphine, and whether or not it is being manufactured by microbes, is not all that counts here.

This controversy has also underscored a stone-cold fact. There is a global region of Venus’s clouds that is neither too hot nor too acidic to fundamentally preclude the possibility of indigenous microbes flourishing there, having adapted to dwell in those conditions. On Earth, scientists cannot seem to stop finding microbes—thriving, surviving or dormant—in places that would promptly kill plants and animals. Mars’s surface is an irradiated, frigid desert hostile to life, but microbes may find a home in the potentially warmer, wetter subsurface. Like Mars, Venus is helping to redefine the meaning of habitability.

€œA hellish planet isn’t necessarily inhospitable in every way,” says Sousa-Silva, a member of the original phosphine discovery team. Though it has been suggested that DAVINCI+ could detect phosphine as it makes its plunge, neither it nor VERITAS were designed to study this suddenly fashionable chemical compound. But both could help constrain the other processes that can make phosphine, from volcanism to atmospheric alchemy. In any event, perhaps what matters most is that phosphine made Venus infamous, giving it a PR boost much like the suspicious-looking meteorite gave Mars in 1996. Not long after the announcement of the phosphine discovery, Way gave a talk at a conference about Venus.

When he got to his phosphine slide, he said, “I don’t know what it means, and I don’t care. All I care about is that we’re talking about Venus!. € There is no doubt that the phosphine furor has been anything but a boon for planetary scientists eager to study Earth’s “evil twin.” But Venus’s mysteries have been worth decoding long before this chemical flamboyantly sauntered onstage. €œI think [phosphine] is the icing on the cake for us,” Gilmore says, “because Venus is compelling irrespective of life.” Smrekar and Garvin know this better than anyone. Both are Venus veterans who have been in the field since before the Magellan era.

Both want answers to their long-held questions, to snatch the low-hanging fruit that has simply hung there, criminally unplucked, for decades. While Mars-centric scientists have frequented mission control rooms, erupting into cheers as the latest robot joins its friends on that rusted world, Venus proponents have worked and waited, torturing themselves over the thought that, this time, this time, NASA may pick a mission to head back to Venus. €œI have been nervous for the past 41 years,” Garvin says. €œTo say we’re nervous is an understatement,” Smrekar admits, speaking of her own team. €œThose of us who are very close to the mission have poured our hearts, our weekends, our ingenuity into making this happen.” The lack of a win for either team would come as a huge blow.

If neither mission is selected, many will perceive such a decision as absurd, perhaps even insulting. The spacecraft designs are the best they can be. The momentum of the community is impossible to ignore. Now it has phosphine in its corner. The Venusian community is tenacious, Garvin says, and it would persist even in the face of failure.

Smrekar agrees but says she cannot contemplate taking charge of yet another mission proposal from the ashes of VERITAS. For her, this round of Discovery is all or nothing, and a loss will cause “immense frustration and distress on a personal level.” Even if both VERITAS and DAVINCI+are rejected, there are some reasons to be optimistic. Other space agencies, including those of Russia, Europe and India, have been seriously pondering a return to Venus themselves and may carry the torch if NASA fails to pick it up. Younger Venusian scientists, such as O’Rourke, wish to keep the fire burning, too, even as the community’s venerable legends fade into retirement. €œThe last time a U.S.

Spacecraft entered orbit around Venus, I was 10 days old,” O’Rourke says. Despite the lack of mission opportunities, “I just got into it, like a lot of people my age, because it’s obviously so interesting.” He suspects that the appetite for Venus science will be unquenched, no matter what happens with NASA’s latest Discovery competition. Fear lingers in the words of the Venusians. But thanks to worlds orbiting alien stars, so does another note of hope. Exoplanet hunters have caught sight of a multitude of Earth- and Venus-size worlds far from our galactic backwater, each of them an Elysium or a Tartarus.

Yet current telescopic technology makes distinguishing between the two almost impossible. For now, studying Venus up close may be the only route to reliable estimates of which is more common in the cosmos. Earths or Venuses. Exoplanet hunters are starting to acknowledge this fact, reckoning that maybe they should know the solar system itself a little better, Sousa-Silva says, “if nothing else, because it’s such a good lab for exoplanet research.” Cracking the case of Venus would clearly be to the benefit of not just a select few but everyone in the planetary science community. €œOnly Venus can tell us why our home planet is unique in our solar system and the likelihood of actually finding Earth 2.0 around another star,” Smrekar says.

Both teams hope that this widely shared conviction, along with many lifetimes’ worth of work, will finally push at least one of them across the finish line—and that an emissary will once again visit the beguiling world that has dominated their dreams. €œHonestly, if they don’t pick us this time,” Gilmore begins before pausing for a moment, “I don’t know what else we can do.” Epilogue On the afternoon of June 2, NASA administrator Bill Nelson made an announcement to the world. The venerable space agency was heading back to Venus with not one but two missions.

Amoxil syrup for infants

SOBRE NOTICIAS EN ESPAÑOLNoticias amoxil syrup for infants en español es una sección de Kaiser Health News que contiene traducciones de artículos de gran interés para la comunidad hispanohablante, y contenido original enfocado en la población hispana que vive en los Estados Unidos. Use Nuestro Contenido Este contenido puede usarse de manera gratuita (detalles) amoxil syrup for infants. La temporada de influenza se verá diferente este año, ya que los Estados Unidos se enfrentan a una pandemia de antibiotics que ya ha matado a más de 176.000 personas.Muchos estadounidenses son reacios a ir al médico y los funcionarios de salud pública temen que las personas eviten vacunarse. Aunque a veces se considera incorrectamente como un resfriado, la gripe también mata a decenas de miles de personas en el amoxil syrup for infants país cada año. Los más vulnerables son los niños pequeños, los adultos mayores y las personas con enfermedades subyacentes.

Cuando se combina con los efectos de buy antibiotics, los expertos en salud pública dicen que es más importante que nunca vacunarse contra la gripe.Si una cantidad suficiente de la población se vacuna, más del 45% lo hizo la temporada de gripe pasada, podría ayudar a evitar un escenario de pesadilla este invierno, con hospitales llenos de pacientes con buy antibiotics y los que sufren los efectos graves de la amoxil syrup for infants influenza.Además de la posible carga para los hospitales, existe la posibilidad de que las personas contraigan ambos amoxil y “nadie sabe qué sucede si se contrae influenza y buy antibiotics simultáneamente porque nunca sucedió antes”, dijo la doctora Rachel Levine, secretaria de Salud de Pennsylvania, a reporteros.En respuesta, este año los fabricantes están produciendo más suministros de vacunas, entre 194 y 198 millones de dosis, unas 20 millones más de las que se distribuyeron la temporada pasada, según los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC).Mientras se acerca la temporada de gripe, aquí hay algunas respuestas a preguntas frecuentes:P. ¿Cuándo debo vacunarme contra la gripe?. La publicidad ya ha comenzado y algunas farmacias y clínicas amoxil syrup for infants ya tienen sus suministros. Pero, debido a que la efectividad de la vacuna puede disminuir con el tiempo, los CDC recomiendan no recibir la dosis en agosto.Muchas farmacias y clínicas comenzarán las inmunizaciones a principios de septiembre. Generalmente, los amoxil de la influenza comienzan a circular a mediados o fines de amoxil syrup for infants octubre, pero se expanden masivamente más tarde, en el invierno.

Se necesitan aproximadamente dos semanas después de recibir la inyección para que los anticuerpos, que circulan en la sangre y frustran las infecciones, se acumulen.“Las personas jóvenes y sanas pueden comenzar a vacunarse contra la gripe en septiembre, y las personas mayores y otras poblaciones vulnerables pueden hacerlo en octubre”, dijo el doctor Steve Miller, director clínico de la aseguradora Cigna.Los CDC recomiendan que las personas “se vacunen contra la influenza a fines de octubre”, pero señalaron que se puede recibir la vacuna más tarde porque “aún puede ser beneficiosas y la vacunación debe ofrecerse a lo largo de toda la temporada de influenza”.Aun así, algunos expertos recomiendan no esperar demasiado este año, no solo por buy antibiotics, sino también en caso de que haya escasez debido a la abrumadora demanda.P. ¿Cuáles son las razones por las que las que debería ofrecer mi amoxil syrup for infants brazo para vacunarme?. Hay que vacunarse porque brinda protección contra la gripe y, por lo tanto, contra la propagación a otras personas, lo que puede ayudar a disminuir la carga para los hospitales y el personal médico.Y hay otro mensaje que puede resonar en estos tiempos extraños.“Le da a la gente la sensación de que hay algunas cosas que pueden controlar”, dijo Eduardo Sánchez, director médico de prevención de la American Heart Association.Si bien una vacuna contra la gripe no evitará buy antibiotics, recibirla podría ayudar al médico a diferenciar entre las dos enfermedades si se desarrolla algún síntoma (fiebre, tos, dolor de garganta) que ambas infecciones comparten, explicó Sánchez.Y aunque las vacunas contra la gripe no evitarán todos los casos de gripe, vacunarse puede reducir la gravedad si la persona se enferma, dijo.Todas las personas elegibles, especialmente los trabajadores esenciales, los que sufren de afecciones subyacentes y aquellos en mayor riesgo, incluidos los niños muy pequeños y las mujeres embarazadas, deben buscar protección, dijeron los CDC. La entidad recomienda la vacunación a partir de amoxil syrup for infants los 6 meses.P. ¿Qué sabemos sobre la efectividad de la vacuna de este año?.

Se deben producir nuevas vacunas contra la gripe cada año, porque el amoxil muta y la efectividad de la vacuna varía, dependiendo de qué tan bien coincida con el amoxil circulante.Se calculó que la amoxil syrup for infants formulación del año pasado tuvo una eficacia de aproximadamente un 45% para prevenir la gripe en general, con una efectividad de aproximadamente un 55% en los niños. Las vacunas disponibles en el país este año tienen como objetivo prevenir al menos tres cepas amoxil syrup for infants diferentes del amoxil, y la mayoría cubre cuatro.Todavía no se sabe qué tan bien coincidirá el suministro de este año con las cepas que circularán en los Estados Unidos. Las primeras indicaciones del hemisferio sur, que atraviesa su temporada de gripe durante nuestro verano, son alentadoras. Allí, las amoxil syrup for infants personas practicaron el distanciamiento social, usaron máscaras y se vacunaron en mayor número este año, y los niveles mundiales de gripe son más bajos de lo esperado. Sin embargo, expertos advierten que no se debe contar con una temporada igual de suave en los Estados Unidos, en parte porque los esfuerzos por usar mascara facial y de distanciamiento social varían ampliamente.P.

¿Qué están haciendo diferente los seguros y sistemas de amoxil syrup for infants salud este año?. Las aseguradoras y los sistemas de salud contactados por KHN dicen que seguirán las pautas de los CDC, que exigen limitar y espaciar la cantidad de personas que esperan en las filas y las áreas de vacunación. Algunos están programando citas para vacunas contra la gripe para ayudar a controlar el flujo.Health Fitness Concepts, una compañía que trabaja con UnitedHealth Group y otras empresas para establecer clínicas de vacunación contra la gripe en el noreste del país, dijo que está “fomentando eventos más pequeños y frecuentes para apoyar el distanciamiento social” y “exigiendo que se completen todos los formularios y arremangarse las camisas antes de entrar al área de vacunación contra la influenza”.Se requerirá que todos usen máscaras.Además, a nivel nacional, algunos grupos médicos contratados por UnitedHealth instalarán carpas, para que las inyecciones se puedan administrar al aire libre, dijo un vocero.Kaiser Permanente planifica las vacunas directamente en autos en algunos de sus centros médicos y está probando amoxil syrup for infants los procedimientos de detección y registro sin contacto en algunos lugares.Geisinger Health, un proveedor de salud regional en Pennsylvania y Nueva Jersey, dijo que también tendría programas de vacunación contra la influenza al aire libre en sus instalaciones.Además, “Geisinger exige que todos los empleados reciban la vacuna contra la influenza este año”, dijo Mark Shelly, director de prevención y control de infecciones del sistema. €œAl dar este paso, esperamos transmitir a nuestros vecinos la importancia de la vacuna contra la influenza para todos”.P. Por lo general, me vacunan contra la amoxil syrup for infants gripe en el trabajo.

¿Seguirá siendo una opción este año?. Con el objetivo de amoxil syrup for infants evitar riesgosas reuniones en interiores, muchos empleadores se muestran reacios a patrocinar las clínicas de gripe en oficinas como han ofrecido en años anteriores. Y con tanta gente que sigue trabajando desde casa, hay menos necesidad de llevar las vacunas contra la gripe al lugar de trabajo. En cambio, muchos empleadores están alentando a los trabajadores a que reciban vacunas amoxil syrup for infants de sus médicos de atención primaria, en farmacias u otros entornos comunitarios. El seguro generalmente cubrirá el costo de la vacuna.Algunos empleadores están considerando ofrecer cupones para vacunas contra la gripe a sus trabajadores sin seguro o a aquellos que no participan en el plan médico de la compañía, dijo Julie Stone, directora general de salud y beneficios de Willis Towers Watson, una firma consultora.Estos cupones podrían, por ejemplo, permitir a los trabajadores obtener la vacuna en un laboratorio en particular sin costo.Algunos empleadores están comenzando a pensar en cómo podrían usar sus estacionamientos para administrar vacunas contra la gripe enlos autos, dijo el doctor David Zieg, líder de servicios clínicos para el consultor de beneficios Mercer.Aunque la ley federal permite a los empleadores exigir a los empleados que se vacunen contra la gripe, ese paso generalmente lo toman solo los centros de atención médica y algunas universidades donde las personas viven y trabajan en estrecha colaboración, dijo Zieg.Pero sucede.

El mes pasado, el sistema de la Universidad de California amoxil syrup for infants emitió una orden ejecutiva que requiere que todos los estudiantes, profesores y personal se vacunen contra la gripe antes del 1 de noviembre, con limitadas excepciones.P. ¿Qué están haciendo las farmacias para alentar a las personas a amoxil syrup for infants vacunarse contra la gripe?. Algunas farmacias están haciendo un esfuerzo adicional para salir a la comunidad y ofrecer vacunas contra la gripe.Walgreens, que tiene casi 9,100 farmacias en todo el país, continúa una asociación iniciada en 2015 con organizaciones comunitarias, iglesias y empleadores que ha ofrecido alrededor de 150,000 clínicas de gripe móviles hasta la fecha.El programa pone especial énfasis en trabajar con poblaciones vulnerables y en áreas desatendidas, dijo el doctor Kevin Ban, director médico de la cadena de farmacias.Walgreens comenzó a ofrecer vacunas contra la gripe a mediados de agosto y está animando a las personas a no demorar en vacunarse.Tanto Walgreens como CVS están estimulando a las personas a programar citas y hacer trámites en línea este año para minimizar el tiempo que pasan en los locales.En los CVS MinuteClinic, una vez que los pacientes se han registrado para recibir la vacuna contra la gripe, deben esperar afuera o en su automóvil, ya que las áreas de espera interiores ahora están cerradas.“No tenemos un arsenal contra buy antibiotics”, dijo Ban, de Walgreens. €œPero quitar la presión del amoxil syrup for infants sistema de atención médica proporcionando vacunas por adelantado es algo que sí podemos hacer”. Julie Appleby.

jappleby@kff.org, amoxil syrup for infants @Julie_Appleby Michelle Andrews. andrews.khn@gmail.com, @mandrews110 Related Topics Insurance Noticias En Español Public Health buy antibiotics Insurers treatmentsThis story was produced in partnership with PolitiFact. This story can be republished for free (details). President Donald Trump accepted the Republican Party’s nomination for president in a 70-minute speech from the South Lawn of the White House on Thursday night.Speaking to a friendly crowd that didn’t appear to be observing social distancing conventions, and with few participants wearing masks, he touched on a amoxil syrup for infants range of topics, including many related to the buy antibiotics amoxil and health care in general.Throughout, the partisan crowd applauded and chanted “Four more years!. € And, even as the nation’s buy antibiotics death toll exceeded 180,000, Trump was upbeat. €œIn recent months, our nation and amoxil syrup for infants the entire planet has been struck by a new and powerful invisible enemy,” he said.

€œLike those brave Americans before us, we are meeting this challenge.”At the end of the event, there were fireworks.Our partners at PolitiFact did an in-depth fact check on Trump’s entire acceptance speech. Here are the highlights related to the administration’s buy antibiotics response and other health policy issues:“We developed, from scratch, the largest and most advanced testing system in the world.” This is partially right, but it needs amoxil syrup for infants context.It’s accurate that the U.S. Developed its buy antibiotics testing system from scratch, because the government didn’t accept the World Health Organization’s testing recipe. But whether the system is the “largest” or “most advanced” is subject to debate.The U.S amoxil syrup for infants. Has tested more individuals than any other country.

But experts told us a more meaningful metric would be the amoxil syrup for infants percentage of positive tests out of all tests, indicating that not only sick people were getting tested. Another useful amoxil syrup for infants metric would be the percentage of the population that has been tested. The U.S. Is one of the most populous countries but has tested a lower percentage amoxil syrup for infants of its population than other countries. Don't Miss A Story Subscribe to KHN’s free Weekly Edition newsletter.

The amoxil syrup for infants U.S. Was also slower than other countries in rolling out tests and amping up testing capacity. Even now, many states are experiencing delays in reporting test results to positive individuals.As for “the most advanced,” Trump may be referring to new testing investments and systems, like Abbott’s recently announced $5, 15-minute amoxil syrup for infants rapid antigen test, which the company says will be about the size of a credit card, needs no instrumentation and comes with a phone app through which people can view their results. But Trump’s comment makes it sound as if these testing systems are already in place when they haven’t been distributed to the public.“The United States has among the lowest [buy antibiotics] case fatality rates of any major country in the world. The European Union’s case fatality rate is nearly three times higher than ours.”The case fatality rate measures the known number of cases amoxil syrup for infants against the known number of deaths.

The European Union has a rate that’s about 2½ times greater than the United States.But the source of that data, Oxford University’s Our World in Data project, reports that “during an outbreak of a amoxil, the case fatality rate is a poor measure of the mortality risk of the disease.”A better way to measure the threat of the amoxil, experts say, is to look at the number of deaths per 100,000 residents. Viewed that way, the amoxil syrup for infants U.S. Has the 10th-highest death rate in the world.“We will produce a treatment before the end of the year, or maybe even sooner.”It’s far from guaranteed that a antibiotics treatment will be ready before the end of the year.While researchers are making rapid strides, it’s not yet known precisely when the treatment will be available to the public, which is what’s most important. Six treatments amoxil syrup for infants are in the third phase of testing, which involves thousands of patients. Like earlier phases, this one looks at the safety of a treatment but also examines its effectiveness and collects more data on side effects.

Results of the third phase will be submitted to the Food and Drug Administration for approval.The government website Operation Warp Speed seems less optimistic than Trump, announcing it “aims to deliver 300 million doses of a safe, effective treatment for buy antibiotics by January 2021.”And federal health officials and other experts have generally predicted a treatment will be available in early 2021 amoxil syrup for infants. Federal committees are working on recommendations for treatment distribution, including which amoxil syrup for infants groups should get it first. €œFrom everything we’ve seen now — in the animal data, as well as the human data — we feel cautiously optimistic that we will have a treatment by the end of this year and as we go into 2021,” said Dr. Anthony Fauci, amoxil syrup for infants the nation’s top infectious diseases expert. €œI don’t think it’s dreaming.”“Last month, I took on Big Pharma.

You think amoxil syrup for infants that is easy?. I signed orders that would massively lower the cost of your prescription drugs.”Quite misleading. Trump signed four executive orders on July 24 aimed at lowering amoxil syrup for infants prescription drug prices. But those orders haven’t taken effect yet — the text of one hasn’t even been made publicly available — and experts told us that, if implemented, the measures would be unlikely to result in significant drug price reductions for the majority of Americans.“We will always and very strongly protect patients with preexisting conditions, and that is a pledge from the entire Republican Party.”Trump’s pledge is undermined by his efforts to overturn the Affordable Care Act, the only law that guarantees people with preexisting conditions both receive health coverage and do not have to pay more for it than others do. In 2017, amoxil syrup for infants Trump supported congressional efforts to repeal the ACA.

The Trump administration is now backing GOP-led efforts to overturn the ACA through a court case. And Trump has also expanded short-term health plans that don’t have to amoxil syrup for infants comply with the ACA.“Joe Biden recently raised his hand on the debate stage and promised he was going to give it away, your health care dollars to illegal immigrants, which is going to bring a massive number of immigrants into our country.”This is misleading. During a June 2019 Democratic primary debate, candidates were asked. €œRaise your hand if your government plan would provide coverage for undocumented immigrants.” All candidates on stage, including Biden, raised amoxil syrup for infants their hands. They were not asked if that coverage would be free or subsidized.Biden supports extending health care access to all immigrants, regardless of immigration status.

A task force recommended that he allow immigrants who are in the country illegally to buy health insurance, without federal subsidies.“Joe Biden claims he has empathy for the vulnerable, yet the party he leads supports the amoxil syrup for infants extreme late-term abortion of defenseless babies right up to the moment of birth.”This mischaracterizes the Democratic Party’s stance on abortion and Biden’s position.Biden has said he would codify the Supreme Court’s ruling in Roe v. Wade and amoxil syrup for infants related precedents. This would generally limit abortions to the first 20 to 24 weeks of gestation. States are allowed under court rulings to ban abortion amoxil syrup for infants after the point at which a fetus can sustain life, usually considered to be between 24 and 28 weeks from the mother’s last menstrual period — and 43 states do. But the rulings require states to make exceptions “to preserve the life or health of the mother.” Late-term abortions are very rare, about 1%.The Democratic Party platform holds that “every woman should have access to quality reproductive health care services, including safe and legal abortion — regardless of where she lives, how much money she makes, or how she is insured.” It does not address late-term abortion.PolitiFact’s Daniel Funke, Jon Greenberg, Louis Jacobson, Noah Y.

Kim, Bill McCarthy, Samantha Putterman, Amy Sherman, Miriam Valverde and KHN reporter Victoria Knight contributed to this report amoxil syrup for infants. Related Topics Elections Health Industry Pharmaceuticals Public Health The Health Law Abortion buy antibiotics Immigrants KHN &. PolitiFact HealthCheck Preexisting Conditions Trump Administration treatmentsThis story also ran on CNN. This story can be amoxil syrup for infants republished for free (details). Flu season will look different this year, as the country grapples with a antibiotics amoxil that has killed more than 172,000 people. Many Americans are reluctant to visit a doctor’s office and public health officials worry people will shy away from being immunized.Although sometimes incorrectly regarded as just another bad cold, flu also kills tens of thousands of people in the U.S. Each year, with the very young, amoxil syrup for infants the elderly and those with underlying conditions the most vulnerable.

When coupled with the effects of buy antibiotics, public health experts say it’s more important than ever to get a flu shot.If enough of the U.S. Population gets vaccinated — more than the 45% who did last flu season — it could help head off a nightmare scenario in the coming winter of hospitals stuffed with both buy antibiotics patients and those suffering from severe effects of influenza.Aside from the potential burden on hospitals, there’s the possibility people could get both amoxiles — and “no one knows what happens if you get influenza and buy antibiotics [simultaneously] because it’s amoxil syrup for infants never happened before,” Dr. Rachel Levine, Pennsylvania’s secretary of health, told reporters this month.In response, manufacturers are producing more treatment supply this year, between 194 million and 198 million doses, or about 20 million more than they distributed last season, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Email Sign-Up Subscribe to amoxil syrup for infants KHN’s free Morning Briefing. As flu season approaches, here are some answers to a few common questions:Q.

When should I amoxil syrup for infants get my flu shot?. Advertising has already amoxil syrup for infants begun, and some pharmacies and clinics have their supplies now. But, because the effectiveness of the treatment can wane over time, the CDC recommends against a shot in August.Many pharmacies and clinics will start immunizations in early September. Generally, influenza amoxiles amoxil syrup for infants start circulating in mid- to late October but become more widespread later, in the winter. It takes about two weeks after getting a shot for antibodies — which circulate in the blood and thwart s — to build up.

€œYoung, healthy people can begin getting their flu shots in September, and elderly people and other amoxil syrup for infants vulnerable populations can begin in October,” said Dr. Steve Miller, chief clinical officer for insurer Cigna.The CDC has recommended that people “get a flu treatment by the end of October,” but noted it’s not too late to get one after that because shots “can still be beneficial and vaccination should be offered throughout the flu season.”Even so, some experts say not to wait too long this year — not only because of buy antibiotics, but also in case a shortage develops because of overwhelming demand.Q. What are the amoxil syrup for infants reasons I should roll up my sleeve for this?. Get a shot because it protects you from catching the flu and spreading it to others, which may help lessen the burden on hospitals and medical staffs.And there’s another message that may resonate in this strange time.“It gives people a sense that there are some things you can control,” said Eduardo Sanchez, chief medical officer for prevention at the American Heart Association.While a flu shot won’t prevent buy antibiotics, he said, getting one could help your doctors differentiate between the diseases if you develop any symptoms — fever, cough, sore throat — they share.And even though flu shots won’t prevent all cases of the flu, getting vaccinated can lessen the severity if you do fall ill, he said.You cannot get influenza from having a flu treatment.All eligible people, especially essential workers, those with underlying conditions and those at higher risk — including very young children and pregnant women — should seek protection, the CDC said. It recommends that children over 6 months old get vaccinated.Q amoxil syrup for infants.

What do we know about the effectiveness of this year’s treatment?. Flu treatments — which must be developed anew each year because influenza amoxiles mutate — amoxil syrup for infants range in effectiveness annually, depending on how well they match the circulating amoxil. Last year’s formulation was estimated to be about 45% effective in preventing the flu overall, with about a 55% effectiveness in children. The treatments amoxil syrup for infants available in the U.S. This year are aimed at preventing at least three strains of the amoxil, and most cover four.It isn’t yet known how well this year’s supply will match the strains that will circulate in the U.S.

Early indications amoxil syrup for infants from the Southern Hemisphere, which goes through its flu season during our summer, are encouraging. There, people practiced social distancing, wore masks and got vaccinated amoxil syrup for infants in greater numbers this year — and global flu levels are lower than expected. Experts caution, however, not to count on a similarly mild season in the U.S., in part because masking and social distancing efforts vary widely.Q. What are insurance plans and health systems doing differently amoxil syrup for infants this year?. Insurers and health systems contacted by KHN say they will follow CDC guidelines, which call for limiting and spacing out the number of people waiting in lines and vaccination areas.

Some are setting appointments for flu shots to help manage the flow.Health Fitness Concepts, a company that works with UnitedHealth Group and other businesses to set up flu shot clinics in the Northeast, said it is amoxil syrup for infants “encouraging smaller, more frequent events to support social distancing” and “requiring all forms to be completed and shirtsleeves rolled up before entering the flu shot area.” Everyone will be required to wear masks.Also, nationally, some physician groups contracted with UnitedHealth will set up tent areas so shots can be given outdoors, a spokesperson said.Kaiser Permanente plans drive-thru vaccinations at some of its medical facilities and is testing touch-free screening and check-in procedures at some locations. (KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.)Geisinger Health, a regional health provider in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, said it, too, would have outdoor flu vaccination programs at its facilities.Additionally, “Geisinger is making it mandatory for all employees to receive the flu treatment this year,” said Mark Shelly, the system’s director of prevention and control. €œBy taking this step, we hope to convey to our neighbors the importance of the flu treatment amoxil syrup for infants for everyone.”Q. Usually I get a flu shot at work. Will that be an option amoxil syrup for infants this year?.

Aiming to avoid risky indoor gatherings, many employers are reluctant to sponsor the on-site flu clinics they’ve offered in years past. And with so many people amoxil syrup for infants continuing to work from home, there’s less need to bring flu shots to employees on the job. Instead, many employers are encouraging workers to get shots from their primary care doctors, at pharmacies or in other community settings. Insurance will generally cover the cost of the treatment.Some employers are considering offering vouchers for flu amoxil syrup for infants shots to their uninsured workers or those who don’t participate in the company plan, said Julie Stone, managing director for health and benefits at Willis Towers Watson, a consulting firm. The vouchers could allow workers to get the shot at a particular lab at no cost, for example.Some employers are starting to think about how they might use their parking lots for administering drive-thru flu shots, said Dr.

David Zieg, clinical services leader for benefits consultant Mercer.Although federal law allows employers to require employees to get flu shots, that step is typically taken only by health care facilities and some universities where people amoxil syrup for infants live and work closely together, Zieg said.Q. What are pharmacies doing to encourage people to get flu amoxil syrup for infants shots?. Some pharmacies are making an extra push to get out into the community to offer flu shots.Walgreens, which has nearly 9,100 pharmacies nationwide, is continuing a partnership begun in 2015 with community organizations, churches and employers that has offered about 150,000 off-site and mobile flu clinics to date.The program places a special emphasis on working with vulnerable populations and in underserved areas, said Dr. Kevin Ban, chief medical officer for the drugstore chain.Walgreens began offering flu shots in mid-August and is encouraging people not to delay getting vaccinated.Both Walgreens and CVS are encouraging people to amoxil syrup for infants schedule appointments and do paperwork online this year to minimize time spent in the stores.At CVS MinuteClinic locations, once patients have checked in for their flu shot, they must wait outside or in their car, since the indoor waiting areas are now closed.“We don’t have tons of arrows in our quiver against buy antibiotics,” Walgreens’ Ban said. €œTaking pressure off the health care system by providing treatments in advance is one thing we can do.” Julie Appleby.

jappleby@kff.org, @Julie_Appleby Michelle amoxil syrup for infants Andrews. andrews.khn@gmail.com, @mandrews110 Related Topics Insurance Public Health buy antibiotics Insurers treatmentsUse Our Content This story can be republished for free (details). As the smoke thickened near her home in Santa Cruz, California, last week, Amanda Smith kept asking herself the same questions. Should we amoxil syrup for infants leave?. And where would we go?. The wildfire evacuation zone, at the time, ended a few blocks from her house amoxil syrup for infants.

But she worried about what the air quality — which had reached the second-highest warning level, purple for “very unhealthy” — would do to her children’s lungs. Her 4-year-old twins amoxil syrup for infants had spent time in the neonatal intensive care unit. One was later diagnosed with asthma, and last year was hospitalized with pneumonia.By Tuesday, said Smith, “we all had headaches, the kids were coughing a little bit, and it was raining ash.” The family had been conscientiously isolating at home because of the buy antibiotics amoxil, and leaving meant potential exposures. But on Wednesday, Smith said, “I looked at my partner and said, amoxil syrup for infants maybe we should leave.”She called a friend in Orange County, about 380 miles south, who offered her parents’ empty condo. But the next day, the friend’s child spiked a fever — a possible case of buy antibiotics — and the plan fell through amid the distraction.Amanda Smith takes a selfie of herself and her twin children in Santa Cruz, California, in April.

(Amanda Smith)So amoxil syrup for infants Smith looked on Airbnb, careful to seek out hosts who detailed their buy antibiotics precautions, and found an apartment in San Bruno, about an hour’s drive north. She stuffed photos and documents into a suitcase, grabbed the go-bags, and her family headed out.“It’s coming out of our savings amoxil syrup for infants to stay here,” Smith said from the safety of her apartment rental, which runs about $1,150 a week. €œIt was a really fraught decision to leave, but as soon as we got over the hill and the sky was blue, I took a big sigh of relief and knew that it had been a good decision.”As the twin disasters of buy antibiotics and fire season sweep through California, thousands of residents like Smith are weighing difficult options, pitting risk against risk as they decide where to evacuate, whether from imminent flames or the toxic air. Amid a virulent amoxil syrup for infants amoxil, which is safest?. Doubling up at a friend’s home?.

A amoxil syrup for infants hotel?. An evacuation center?. And when do the risks of smoke inhalation amoxil syrup for infants outweigh the risk of a deadly ?. €œObviously the most important thing is for people to do what they can to protect their lives, not only from the fire, but also from buy antibiotics,” said Detective Rosemerry Blankswade, public information officer for the San Mateo County Sheriff’s Office, which is helping coordinate response to the massive CZU Lightning Complex fires.“You have to evaluate the big picture here. If fire is your most imminent danger, maybe take the buy antibiotics risk amoxil syrup for infants.

But if you can avoid both of them, that’s obviously going to be the best option. It’s kind of a little amoxil syrup for infants bit of triage that we’re asking for people to do in their own lives right now.” Email Sign-Up Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing. In San Mateo, one of two counties where the CZU Lightning Complex fires are blazing, officials are advising people to head to an evacuation center, where county workers will assist them in finding a hotel room. Meanwhile, in neighboring Santa Cruz, where tens of thousands of residents have evacuated and shelters have limited space, officials are asking amoxil syrup for infants those under orders to leave to stay with family and friends whenever possible.What’s the right choice when all options pose additional risks?. We spoke with several experts to help guide your thought process.You have to evacuate.

Where should you go? amoxil syrup for infants. If your amoxil syrup for infants region is under an evacuation order, do not hesitate. Leave immediately. If you can afford it, booking a room at a hotel or motel outside the evacuation zones may be the best option, said Dr amoxil syrup for infants. Michael Wilkes, a professor at the University of California-Davis School of Medicine.

They almost amoxil syrup for infants always have air-conditioning units, which help filter the air from both smoke and amoxil. Many hotels are implementing new cleaning processes. Ask staffers to detail amoxil syrup for infants what they’re doing to sanitize rooms, and consider skipping the daily cleaning service during your stay. You might also check review sites such as TripAdvisor to see what other guests report. When possible, avoid the lobby and other shared spaces, and amoxil syrup for infants opt for contactless check-in.Amanda Smith at home in Santa Cruz, California, with her twin children.

Smith and her family decided to voluntarily evacuate their home on Aug. 20, due to heavy smoke in the area from the CZU Lightning Complex fires in the nearby Santa amoxil syrup for infants Cruz Mountains. (Anna Maria Barry-Jester/KHN)With so many people in Northern California fleeing the fires, many hotels are already full, especially in more remote areas. So what about staying with amoxil syrup for infants family or friends?. After months of being shut in and avoiding close contact beyond immediate family, moving into someone else’s home means a host of potential exposures.

Consider whether you or anyone else in the amoxil syrup for infants home is at high risk from buy antibiotics because of age or a preexisting condition.“If so, that’s a reason to think twice before going to someone’s home,” said Dr. Gina Solomon, a program director at the Oakland-based Public Health Institute.Consider, too, amoxil syrup for infants what precautions your friends or family have been taking. Sheltering with someone whose job brings them into frequent contact with other people may not be as safe as sheltering with people who largely have been staying home. Another question is how crowded the amoxil syrup for infants home is. If you have your own room and, preferably, your own bathroom, that makes staying with friends a better option.

If a separate bedroom is not available and smoky skies are not a problem, you might consider pitching a tent in their backyard.For those with an RV or tent, camping can present another amoxil syrup for infants good option — although, with hundreds of wildfires burning across California, it may be challenging to drive far enough away to avoid fire and smoke. If you do camp, try to find a site away from wooded areas. And think twice before using amoxil syrup for infants group bathrooms.Is an evacuation center safe?. Many counties have implemented new precautions at emergency shelters to prevent the spread of the antibiotics. In Santa Cruz, for example, officials are scaling back the capacity in each shelter to allow for social distancing, providing tents for people to use amoxil syrup for infants as shielding inside and allowing camping in the parking lots.Still, staying in a shelter should probably not be your first choice.

In terms of buy antibiotics risk, deciding between a hotel and a friend’s house is “nipping at the edges,” said Dr. John Swartzberg, a clinical professor emeritus at the UC-Berkeley School of Public Health, while “being in a congregate setting is only better than being completely exposed to the elements.”If an evacuation shelter is your best immediate option, again, amoxil syrup for infants do not hesitate. €œYou have these standards you want to practice for yourselves,” Swartzberg said, “but when something worse comes along, it trumps how careful we can be with buy antibiotics because the need for shelter is greater.” You can lower your risk of by wearing a mask, washing hands frequently and sanitizing surfaces.Smith’s partner, Grant Whipple, walks with their children in Big Sur on March 7. That was their last camping trip amoxil syrup for infants before the buy antibiotics amoxil hit, Smith says. That area is now under threat from wildfire.

(Amanda Smith)If you aren’t in a fire amoxil syrup for infants zone, should you invite friends and family to stay with you?. Deciding amoxil syrup for infants whether to open your home to friends who are evacuating is an intensely personal decision and may depend on whether anyone in your family has a preexisting condition.“I guess it depends on how good a friend they are and how desperate they are,” said Swartzberg. It may also depend on how much space you have. If your guests can have their own bedroom and bathroom, it might be amoxil syrup for infants safer.If you do offer your home, experts advise against simply considering yourself a new pod with your guests. Instead, take steps to lower your chances of .“It might not be pleasant, but wearing a mask anytime you’re not in your own bedroom is the safest way to go,” said Solomon.

Stay outside as much as possible, she added, and consider eating meals outdoors or eating amoxil syrup for infants in shifts to avoid being maskless with those outside your family unit. Sanitize surfaces and wash hands frequently. If air quality permits, keep the windows open to amoxil syrup for infants improve airflow.If you’re in a region with hazardous smoke conditions, should you leave?. If your area has dense smoke but no imminent fire risk, the thought of heading somewhere else may be appealing, especially if you have respiratory issues. But in most cases, Wilkes said, it would amoxil syrup for infants be safer not to leave your buy antibiotics bubble.

And given the expanse of California’s fires, anywhere you flee could end up having lousy air quality by the time you arrive.“The better part of rationality,” Wilkes said, “would be to stay at home, not exercise [outdoors], stay inside as much as you can, turn on the air conditioning.”California Healthline senior correspondent Anna Maria Barry-Jester contributed to this report. Jenny amoxil syrup for infants Gold. jgold@kff.org, @JennyAGold Related Topics California Public Health States buy antibiotics Environmental Health Natural DisastersIn the 2014 elections, Republicans rode a wave of anti-Affordable Care Act sentiment to pick up nine Senate seats, the largest gain for either party since 1980. Newly elected Republicans such as Cory Gardner in Colorado and Steve Daines in Montana had hammered their Democratic opponents over the health care law during the campaign and promised to repeal it.Six years later, those senators amoxil syrup for infants are up for reelection. Not only is the law still around, but it’s gaining in popularity.

What was once a winning strategy has become a political liability.Public sentiment about the ACA, also known as Obamacare, has shifted considerably amoxil syrup for infants during the Trump administration after Republicans tried but failed to repeal it. Now, in the midst of the buy antibiotics amoxil and the ensuing economic crisis, which has led to the loss of jobs and health insurance for millions of people, health amoxil syrup for infants care again looks poised to be a key issue for voters this election. Don't Miss A Story Subscribe to KHN’s free Weekly Edition newsletter. With competitive races in Colorado, Montana, Arizona, North Carolina and Iowa pitting Republican incumbents who voted to repeal the ACA against Democratic challengers promising to protect it, amoxil syrup for infants attitudes surrounding the health law could help determine control of the Senate. Republicans hold a slim three-vote majority in the Senate but are defending 23 seats in the Nov.

3 election amoxil syrup for infants. Only one Democratic Senate seat — in Alabama, where incumbent Doug Jones is up against former Auburn University football coach Tommy Tuberville — is considered in play for Republicans.“The fall election will significantly revolve around people’s belief about what [candidates] will do for their health coverage,” said Dr. Daniel Derksen, a professor of public health at the University of Arizona.The Affordable Care Act has been a wedge issue since it was amoxil syrup for infants signed into law in 2010. Because it then took four years to enact, its opponents talked for years about how bad the not-yet-created marketplace for insurance would be, said Joe Hanel, spokesperson for the Colorado Health Institute, a nonpartisan nonprofit focused on health policy analysis. And they continued to attack the law as it took full effect in amoxil syrup for infants 2014.Gardner, for example, ran numerous campaign ads that year criticizing the ACA and, in particular, President Barack Obama’s assertion that “if you like your health care plan, you’ll be able to keep your health care plan.”But now, Hanel said, the ACA’s policies have become much more popular in Colorado as the costs of health exchange plans have dropped.

Thus, political messaging has changed, too.“This time it’s the opposite,” Hanel said. €œThe people bringing up the Affordable Care Act are the amoxil syrup for infants Democrats.”Despite Gardner’s multiple votes to repeal the ACA, he has largely avoided talking about the measure during the 2020 campaign. He even removed his pro-repeal position from his campaign website.Democratic attack ads in July blasted Gardner for repeatedly dodging questions in an interview with Colorado Public Radio about his stance on a lawsuit challenging the ACA.His opponent, Democrat John Hickenlooper, fully embraced the law when he was Colorado governor, using the measure to expand Medicaid eligibility to more low-income people and to create a state health insurance exchange. Now, he’s campaigning on that record, with promises to expand health care access even further.Polling DataPolling conducted by KFF for the past 10 years shows a shift in public opinion amoxil syrup for infants has occurred nationwide. (KHN is an editorially independent program of KFF, the Kaiser Family Foundation.)“Since Trump won the election in 2016, we now have consistently found that a larger share of the public holds favorable views” of the health law, said Ashley Kirzinger, associate director of public opinion and survey research for the foundation.

€œThis really solidified in 2017 amoxil syrup for infants after the failed repeal in the Senate.”The foundation’s polling found that, in July 2014, 55% of voters opposed the law, while 36% favored it. By July 2020, that had flipped, with amoxil syrup for infants 51% favoring the law and 38% opposing it. A shift was seen across all political groups, though 74% of Republicans still viewed it unfavorably in the latest poll.Public support for individual provisions of the ACA — such as protections for people with preexisting conditions or allowing young adults to stay on their parents’ health plans until age 26 — have proved even more popular than the law as a whole. And the provision that consistently polled unfavorably — the mandate that those without insurance must pay amoxil syrup for infants a fine — was eliminated in 2017.“We’re 10 years along and the sky hasn’t caved in,” said Sabrina Corlette, a health policy professor at Georgetown University.Political MessagingFollowing the passage of the ACA, Democrats didn’t reference the law in their campaigns, said Erika Franklin Fowler, a government professor at Wesleyan University and the director of the Wesleyan Media Project, which tracks political advertising.“They ran on any other issue they could find,” Fowler said.Republicans, she said, kept promising to “repeal and replace” but weren’t able to do so.Then, in the 2018 election, Democrats seized on the shift in public opinion, touting the effects of the law and criticizing Republicans for their attempts to overturn it.“In the decade I have been tracking political advertising, there wasn’t a single-issue topic that was as prominent as health care was in 2018,” she said.As the global health crisis rages, health care concerns again dominate political ads in the 2020 races, Fowler said, although most ads haven’t explicitly focused on the ACA. Many highlight Republicans’ support for the lawsuit challenging preexisting condition protections or specific provisions of the ACA that their votes would have overturned.

Republicans say they, too, will protect people with preexisting conditions but otherwise have largely avoided talking about the amoxil syrup for infants ACA.“Cory Gardner has been running a lot on his environmental bills and conservation funding,” Fowler said. €œIt’s not difficult to figure out why he’s doing that. It’s easier for him to tout that in a amoxil syrup for infants state like Colorado than it is to talk about health care.”Similar dynamics are playing out in other key Senate races. In Arizona, Republican Sen. Martha McSally was one of the more vocal advocates of repealing the ACA amoxil syrup for infants while she served in the House of Representatives.

She publicly acknowledged those votes may have hurt her 2018 Senate bid.“I did vote to repeal and replace Obamacare,” McSally said on conservative pundit Sean Hannity’s radio show during the 2018 campaign. €œI’m getting my ass kicked for it right now.”She indeed lost but was appointed to amoxil syrup for infants fill the seat of Sen. Jon Kyl after he resigned at the end of 2018. Now McSally is in a tight race with Democratic challenger Mark Kelly, an astronaut and the husband of amoxil syrup for infants former Rep. Gabby Giffords.“Kelly doesn’t have a track record of voting one way or another, but certainly in his campaign this is one of his top speaking points.

What he would do to expand coverage and reassure people amoxil syrup for infants that coverage won’t be taken away,” said Derksen, the University of Arizona professor.The ACA has proved a stumbling block for Republican Sens. Thom Tillis of North amoxil syrup for infants Carolina and Joni Ernst of Iowa. In Maine, GOP Sen. Susan Collins cast a key amoxil syrup for infants vote that prevented the repeal of the law but cast other votes that weakened it. She now also appears vulnerable — but more for her vote to confirm Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination to the Supreme Court and for not doing more to oppose President Donald Trump.In Montana, Daines, who voted to repeal the ACA, is trying to hold on to his seat against Democratic Gov.

Steve Bullock, who used the law to expand the state’s Medicaid enrollment amoxil syrup for infants in 2015. At its peak, nearly 1 in 10 Montanans were covered through the expansion.As more Montanans now face the high cost of paying for health care on their own amid amoxil-related job losses, Montana State University political science professor David Parker said he expects Democrats to talk about Daines’ votes to repeal cost-saving provisions of the ACA.“People are losing jobs, and their jobs bring health care with them,” Parker said. €œI don’t think it’s amoxil syrup for infants a good space for Daines to be right now.” Markian Hawryluk. MarkianH@kff.org, @MarkianHawryluk Related Topics Elections Health Care Costs Health Care Reform Insurance States Arizona Colorado Montana North Carolina Obamacare PlansLatest Prevention &. Wellness News FRIDAY, amoxil syrup for infants Aug.

28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- A warning about alcohol-based hand sanitizers in packaging that looks like food or drink has been issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration."The agency has amoxil syrup for infants discovered that some hand sanitizers are being packaged in beer cans, children's food pouches, water bottles, juice bottles and vodka bottles," according to an FDA a news release. "Additionally, the FDA has found hand sanitizers that contain food flavors, such as chocolate or raspberry."Reports received by the FDA include a person who bought what they believed was drinking water but was actually hand sanitizer, and a hand sanitizer using children's cartoons in marketing and sold in a pouch that resembled a snack, CNN reported."I am increasingly concerned about hand sanitizer being packaged to appear to be consumable products, such as baby food or beverages. These products could confuse amoxil syrup for infants consumers into accidentally ingesting a potentially deadly product. It's dangerous to add scents with food flavors to hand sanitizers which children could think smells like food, eat and get alcohol poisoning," FDA Commissioner Dr.

Stephen Hahn amoxil syrup for infants said in the release.Copyright © 2019 HealthDay. All rights reserved amoxil syrup for infants. QUESTION According to the USDA, there is no difference between a “portion” and a “serving.” See AnswerLatest Cancer News By Steven ReinbergHealthDay ReporterTHURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2020 (HealthDay News)Cancer patients who need radiation therapy shouldn't let fear of buy antibiotics delay their treatment, one hospital study suggests.Over six days in May, during the height of the amoxil in New Jersey, surfaces in the radiation oncology department at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital in New Brunswick, N.J., were tested for buy antibiotics before cleaning.Of 128 samples taken in patient and staff areas and from equipment, including objects used by a amoxil syrup for infants patient with buy antibiotics, not one was positive for antibiotics, the amoxil that causes buy antibiotics, the study found.Patients can be reassured that surface contamination is minimal and necessary cancer treatment can go forward safely, said lead researcher Dr. Bruce Haffty, chairman of radiation oncology at Rutgers Cancer Institute in New Brunswick."Cancer care should and must continue in a buy antibiotics amoxil, and it can be delivered safely and effectively with minimal risk of acquiring a buy antibiotics from the radiation oncology environment, provided routine measures like mask-wearing, hand-washing, distancing and screening are in place and adhered to," Haffty said.The study does have some limitations.

Because of the nature of environmental sampling, 100% of a amoxil syrup for infants surface could not be swabbed for analysis. And no air samples were taken. But Haffty said that because no amoxil was found on surfaces, it's doubtful that any amoxil was present in the air."An important thing is that we did this testing before cleaning crews came in at the end of the day when there had been all kinds of traffic with patients and staff moving back and forth," he said.Patients and staff routinely wore masks, maintained social distance and washed their hands often, which is probably why amoxil syrup for infants no amoxil was found, Haffty said.Patients also were screened on arrival with temperature checks and questioned about amoxil symptoms, he added.Dr. Anthony D'Amico is chief of radiation oncology at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. He said, "This study corroborates what we have found."Overall, his amoxil syrup for infants hospital's rate is 2%, while that in the community next to the hospital is 9%, D'Amico said.

But where there are people with lots of underlying conditions and less access to health care, the rate is 33%, he said."Hospitals seem to be safer right now than public settings -- protocols that people are using are working," D'Amico said.The takeaway. Patients need not put off treatment out of concern that they could be infected in the hospital."We have told patients not to delay radiation amoxil syrup for infants because of buy antibiotics, because cancer can be more life-threatening than buy antibiotics," he said.D'Amico's hospital treats patients diagnosed with buy antibiotics who need radiation before other patients arrive in the morning. The department is cleaned after they leave and at the end of the day after all other patients have gone, he said.Patients with buy antibiotics symptoms must test negative before undergoing screening tests like mammography and colonoscopy, D'Amico added.In the waiting room, patients and staff wear masks and maintain distancing. Patients' temperatures are taken and they are asked about any symptoms, he said."Patients should feel safe amoxil syrup for infants that the person sitting next to them in a waiting room has been properly screened," D'Amico said.The findings were published online Aug. 27 in JAMA Oncology.Copyright © 2020 HealthDay.

All rights amoxil syrup for infants reserved. SLIDESHOW Skin Cancer Symptoms, Types, Images See Slideshow References amoxil syrup for infants SOURCES. Bruce Haffty, MD, associate vice chancellor, cancer programs, and chair, radiation oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, N.J.. Anthony D'Amico, MD, PhD, professor, radiation oncology, amoxil syrup for infants Harvard Medical School, and chief, genitourinary radiation oncology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston. JAMA Oncology, Aug.

27, 2020, onlineLatest Heart News THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2020 (HealthDay News)Heart attack survivors are more likely to lose weight if their spouses join them in shedding excess pounds, new research shows."Lifestyle improvement after a heart attack is a crucial part of preventing repeat events," said study author Lotte Verweij, a registered nurse and Ph.D. Student at Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, in the Netherlands. "Our study shows that when spouses join the effort to change habits, patients have a better chance of becoming healthier -- particularly when it comes to losing weight."The study included 411 heart attack survivors who, along with receiving usual care, were referred to up to three lifestyle change programs for weight loss, increased physical activity and quitting smoking.The patients' partners could attend the programs for free and were encouraged by nurses to take part. Nearly half (48%) of the patients' partners participated, which was defined as attending at least once.Compared to those without a partner, patients with a participating partner were more than twice as likely to improve in at least one of the three areas (weight loss, exercise, smoking cessation) within a year, the findings showed.When the influence of partners was analyzed in the three areas separately, patients with a participating partner were more successful in shedding weight compared to patients without a partner, according to the study presented Thursday at a virtual meeting of the European Society of Cardiology.

Such research is considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.But partner participation did not improve heart attack survivors' likelihood of quitting smoking or becoming more physically active, according to the report."Patients with partners who joined the weight-loss program lost more weight compared to patients with a partner who did not join the program," Verweij said in a society news release."Couples often have comparable lifestyles, and changing habits is difficult when only one person is making the effort. Practical issues come into play, such as grocery shopping, but also psychological challenges, where a supportive partner may help maintain motivation," she explained.-- Robert PreidtCopyright © 2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved. QUESTION In the U.S., 1 in every 4 deaths is caused by heart disease. See Answer References SOURCE.

European Society of Cardiology, news release, Aug. 27, 2020.

SOBRE NOTICIAS EN ESPAÑOLNoticias en español es una sección de Kaiser Health News que contiene traducciones de artículos de Buy generic renova gran interés para la comunidad hispanohablante, y contenido original enfocado en where to buy cheap amoxil la población hispana que vive en los Estados Unidos. Use Nuestro Contenido Este contenido puede usarse de manera gratuita where to buy cheap amoxil (detalles). La temporada de influenza se verá diferente este año, ya que los Estados Unidos se enfrentan a una pandemia de antibiotics que ya ha matado a más de 176.000 personas.Muchos estadounidenses son reacios a ir al médico y los funcionarios de salud pública temen que las personas eviten vacunarse. Aunque a veces se considera incorrectamente como un resfriado, la gripe también mata a decenas de miles where to buy cheap amoxil de personas en el país cada año. Los más vulnerables son los niños pequeños, los adultos mayores y las personas con enfermedades subyacentes.

Cuando se combina con los efectos de buy antibiotics, los expertos en salud pública dicen que es más importante que nunca vacunarse contra la gripe.Si una cantidad suficiente de la población se vacuna, más del 45% lo hizo la temporada de gripe pasada, podría ayudar a evitar un escenario de pesadilla este invierno, con hospitales llenos de pacientes con buy antibiotics y los que sufren los efectos graves de la influenza.Además de la posible carga para los hospitales, existe la posibilidad de que las personas contraigan ambos amoxil y “nadie sabe qué sucede si se contrae influenza y buy antibiotics simultáneamente porque nunca sucedió antes”, dijo la doctora Rachel Levine, secretaria de Salud de Pennsylvania, a reporteros.En respuesta, este año los fabricantes están produciendo más suministros de vacunas, entre 194 y 198 millones de dosis, where to buy cheap amoxil unas 20 millones más de las que se distribuyeron la temporada pasada, según los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC).Mientras se acerca la temporada de gripe, aquí hay algunas respuestas a preguntas frecuentes:P. ¿Cuándo debo vacunarme contra la gripe?. La publicidad ya ha comenzado y algunas farmacias where to buy cheap amoxil y clínicas ya tienen sus suministros. Pero, debido a que la efectividad de la vacuna puede disminuir con el tiempo, los CDC recomiendan no recibir la dosis en agosto.Muchas farmacias y clínicas comenzarán las inmunizaciones a principios de septiembre. Generalmente, los amoxil de la influenza comienzan a circular a mediados o fines de octubre, pero se expanden masivamente más tarde, en el invierno where to buy cheap amoxil.

Se necesitan aproximadamente dos semanas después de recibir la inyección para que los anticuerpos, que circulan en la sangre y frustran las infecciones, se acumulen.“Las personas jóvenes y sanas pueden comenzar a vacunarse contra la gripe en septiembre, y las personas mayores y otras poblaciones vulnerables pueden hacerlo en octubre”, dijo el doctor Steve Miller, director clínico de la aseguradora Cigna.Los CDC recomiendan que las personas “se vacunen contra la influenza a fines de octubre”, pero señalaron que se puede recibir la vacuna más tarde porque “aún puede ser beneficiosas y la vacunación debe ofrecerse a lo largo de toda la temporada de influenza”.Aun así, algunos expertos recomiendan no esperar demasiado este año, no solo por buy antibiotics, sino también en caso de que haya escasez debido a la abrumadora demanda.P. ¿Cuáles son las razones where to buy cheap amoxil por las que las que debería ofrecer mi brazo para vacunarme?. Hay que vacunarse porque brinda protección contra la gripe y, por lo tanto, contra la propagación a otras personas, lo que puede ayudar a disminuir la carga para los hospitales y el personal médico.Y hay otro mensaje que puede resonar en estos tiempos extraños.“Le da a la gente la sensación de que hay algunas cosas que pueden controlar”, dijo Eduardo Sánchez, director médico de prevención de la American Heart Association.Si bien una vacuna contra la gripe no evitará buy antibiotics, recibirla podría ayudar al médico a diferenciar entre las dos enfermedades si se desarrolla algún síntoma (fiebre, tos, dolor de garganta) que ambas infecciones comparten, explicó Sánchez.Y aunque las vacunas contra la gripe no evitarán todos los casos de gripe, vacunarse puede reducir la gravedad si la persona se enferma, dijo.Todas las personas elegibles, especialmente los trabajadores esenciales, los que sufren de afecciones subyacentes y aquellos en mayor riesgo, incluidos los niños muy pequeños y las mujeres embarazadas, deben buscar protección, dijeron los CDC. La entidad recomienda la vacunación a partir where to buy cheap amoxil de los 6 meses.P. ¿Qué sabemos sobre la efectividad de la vacuna de este año?.

Se deben producir nuevas vacunas contra la gripe cada año, porque el amoxil muta y la efectividad de la vacuna varía, dependiendo de qué tan bien coincida con el amoxil circulante.Se calculó que la formulación del año pasado tuvo una eficacia de aproximadamente un 45% para prevenir la gripe en general, con una efectividad de aproximadamente un 55% en los where to buy cheap amoxil niños. Las vacunas disponibles en el país este año tienen como objetivo prevenir al menos tres cepas diferentes del amoxil, y la mayoría cubre cuatro.Todavía no se where to buy cheap amoxil sabe qué tan bien coincidirá el suministro de este año con las cepas que circularán en los Estados Unidos. Las primeras indicaciones del hemisferio sur, que atraviesa su temporada de gripe durante nuestro verano, son alentadoras. Allí, las where to buy cheap amoxil personas practicaron el distanciamiento social, usaron máscaras y se vacunaron en mayor número este año, y los niveles mundiales de gripe son más bajos de lo esperado. Sin embargo, expertos advierten que no se debe contar con una temporada igual de suave en los Estados Unidos, en parte porque los esfuerzos por usar mascara facial y de distanciamiento social varían ampliamente.P.

¿Qué están haciendo diferente los seguros y sistemas where to buy cheap amoxil de salud este año?. Las aseguradoras y los sistemas de salud contactados por KHN dicen que seguirán las pautas de los CDC, que exigen limitar y espaciar la cantidad de personas que esperan en las filas y las áreas de vacunación. Algunos están programando citas para vacunas contra la gripe para ayudar a controlar el flujo.Health Fitness Concepts, una compañía que trabaja con UnitedHealth Group y otras empresas para establecer clínicas de vacunación contra la gripe en el noreste del país, dijo que está “fomentando eventos where to buy cheap amoxil más pequeños y frecuentes para apoyar el distanciamiento social” y “exigiendo que se completen todos los formularios y arremangarse las camisas antes de entrar al área de vacunación contra la influenza”.Se requerirá que todos usen máscaras.Además, a nivel nacional, algunos grupos médicos contratados por UnitedHealth instalarán carpas, para que las inyecciones se puedan administrar al aire libre, dijo un vocero.Kaiser Permanente planifica las vacunas directamente en autos en algunos de sus centros médicos y está probando los procedimientos de detección y registro sin contacto en algunos lugares.Geisinger Health, un proveedor de salud regional en Pennsylvania y Nueva Jersey, dijo que también tendría programas de vacunación contra la influenza al aire libre en sus instalaciones.Además, “Geisinger exige que todos los empleados reciban la vacuna contra la influenza este año”, dijo Mark Shelly, director de prevención y control de infecciones del sistema. €œAl dar este paso, esperamos transmitir a nuestros vecinos la importancia de la vacuna contra la influenza para todos”.P. Por lo general, me vacunan contra la gripe en el trabajo where to buy cheap amoxil.

¿Seguirá siendo una opción este año?. Con el objetivo de evitar riesgosas reuniones en interiores, muchos empleadores se muestran reacios a patrocinar las clínicas de gripe en oficinas como han ofrecido en where to buy cheap amoxil años anteriores. Y con tanta gente que sigue trabajando desde casa, hay menos necesidad de llevar las vacunas contra la gripe al lugar de trabajo. En cambio, muchos empleadores están alentando a los trabajadores a que reciban vacunas de sus médicos where to buy cheap amoxil de atención primaria, en farmacias u otros entornos comunitarios. El seguro generalmente cubrirá el costo de la vacuna.Algunos empleadores están considerando ofrecer cupones para vacunas contra la gripe a sus trabajadores sin seguro o a aquellos que no participan en el plan médico de la compañía, dijo Julie Stone, directora general de salud y beneficios de Willis Towers Watson, una firma consultora.Estos cupones podrían, por ejemplo, permitir a los trabajadores obtener la vacuna en un laboratorio en particular sin costo.Algunos empleadores están comenzando a pensar en cómo podrían usar sus estacionamientos para administrar vacunas contra la gripe enlos autos, dijo el doctor David Zieg, líder de servicios clínicos para el consultor de beneficios Mercer.Aunque la ley federal permite a los empleadores exigir a los empleados que se vacunen contra la gripe, ese paso generalmente lo toman solo los centros de atención médica y algunas universidades donde las personas viven y trabajan en estrecha colaboración, dijo Zieg.Pero sucede.

El mes pasado, el sistema de la Universidad de California emitió una orden ejecutiva que requiere que todos los estudiantes, profesores y personal se vacunen contra la gripe antes where to buy cheap amoxil del 1 de noviembre, con limitadas excepciones.P. ¿Qué están where to buy cheap amoxil haciendo las farmacias para alentar a las personas a vacunarse contra la gripe?. Algunas farmacias están haciendo un esfuerzo adicional para salir a la comunidad y ofrecer vacunas contra la gripe.Walgreens, que tiene casi 9,100 farmacias en todo el país, continúa una asociación iniciada en 2015 con organizaciones comunitarias, iglesias y empleadores que ha ofrecido alrededor de 150,000 clínicas de gripe móviles hasta la fecha.El programa pone especial énfasis en trabajar con poblaciones vulnerables y en áreas desatendidas, dijo el doctor Kevin Ban, director médico de la cadena de farmacias.Walgreens comenzó a ofrecer vacunas contra la gripe a mediados de agosto y está animando a las personas a no demorar en vacunarse.Tanto Walgreens como CVS están estimulando a las personas a programar citas y hacer trámites en línea este año para minimizar el tiempo que pasan en los locales.En los CVS MinuteClinic, una vez que los pacientes se han registrado para recibir la vacuna contra la gripe, deben esperar afuera o en su automóvil, ya que las áreas de espera interiores ahora están cerradas.“No tenemos un arsenal contra buy antibiotics”, dijo Ban, de Walgreens. €œPero quitar where to buy cheap amoxil la presión del sistema de atención médica proporcionando vacunas por adelantado es algo que sí podemos hacer”. Julie Appleby.

jappleby@kff.org, @Julie_Appleby Michelle Andrews where to buy cheap amoxil. andrews.khn@gmail.com, @mandrews110 Related Topics Insurance Noticias En Español Public Health buy antibiotics Insurers treatmentsThis story was produced in partnership with PolitiFact. This story can be republished for free (details). President Donald Trump accepted the Republican Party’s nomination for president in a 70-minute speech from the South Lawn of the White House on Thursday night.Speaking to a friendly crowd that didn’t appear to be observing social distancing conventions, and with few participants wearing masks, he touched on a range of where to buy cheap amoxil topics, including many related to the buy antibiotics amoxil and health care in general.Throughout, the partisan crowd applauded and chanted “Four more years!. € And, even as the nation’s buy antibiotics death toll exceeded 180,000, Trump was upbeat. €œIn recent months, where to buy cheap amoxil our nation and the entire planet has been struck by a new and powerful invisible enemy,” he said.

€œLike those brave Americans before us, we are meeting this challenge.”At the end of the event, there were fireworks.Our partners at PolitiFact did an in-depth fact check on Trump’s entire acceptance speech. Here are the highlights related to the administration’s buy antibiotics response and other health policy issues:“We developed, from scratch, the largest and most advanced testing system in the where to buy cheap amoxil world.” This is partially right, but it needs context.It’s accurate that the U.S. Developed its buy antibiotics testing system from scratch, because the government didn’t accept the World Health Organization’s testing recipe. But whether the where to buy cheap amoxil system is the “largest” or “most advanced” is subject to debate.The U.S. Has tested more individuals than any other country.

But experts told us a more meaningful metric would be the percentage of positive tests out of all tests, indicating that not only sick people were where to buy cheap amoxil getting tested. Another useful metric would be the percentage of the population where to buy cheap amoxil that has been tested. The U.S. Is one of the most populous countries but has tested a lower where to buy cheap amoxil percentage of its population than other countries. Don't Miss A Story Subscribe to KHN’s free Weekly Edition newsletter.

The where to buy cheap amoxil U.S. Was also slower than other countries in rolling out tests and amping up testing capacity. Even now, many states are experiencing delays in reporting test results to positive individuals.As for “the most advanced,” Trump may be referring to where to buy cheap amoxil new testing investments and systems, like Abbott’s recently announced $5, 15-minute rapid antigen test, which the company says will be about the size of a credit card, needs no instrumentation and comes with a phone app through which people can view their results. But Trump’s comment makes it sound as if these testing systems are already in place when they haven’t been distributed to the public.“The United States has among the lowest [buy antibiotics] case fatality rates of any major country in the world. The European Union’s case fatality rate is nearly three times higher than ours.”The case fatality rate measures the known number of cases against the where to buy cheap amoxil known number of deaths.

The European Union has a rate that’s about 2½ times greater than the United States.But the source of that data, Oxford University’s Our World in Data project, reports that “during an outbreak of a amoxil, the case fatality rate is a poor measure of the mortality risk of the disease.”A better way to measure the threat of the amoxil, experts say, is to look at the number of deaths per 100,000 residents. Viewed that way, where to buy cheap amoxil the U.S. Has the 10th-highest death rate in the world.“We will produce a treatment before the end of the year, or maybe even sooner.”It’s far from guaranteed that a antibiotics treatment will be ready before the end of the year.While researchers are making rapid strides, it’s not yet known precisely when the treatment will be available to the public, which is what’s most important. Six treatments are in the third where to buy cheap amoxil phase of testing, which involves thousands of patients. Like earlier phases, this one looks at the safety of a treatment but also examines its effectiveness and collects more data on side effects.

Results of the third phase will be submitted to the Food and Drug Administration for approval.The government website Operation Warp Speed seems less optimistic than Trump, announcing it “aims to deliver 300 million doses of a safe, effective treatment for buy antibiotics by January 2021.”And federal health officials and other experts have generally where to buy cheap amoxil predicted a treatment will be available in early 2021. Federal committees where to buy cheap amoxil are working on recommendations for treatment distribution, including which groups should get it first. €œFrom everything we’ve seen now — in the animal data, as well as the human data — we feel cautiously optimistic that we will have a treatment by the end of this year and as we go into 2021,” said Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious where to buy cheap amoxil diseases expert. €œI don’t think it’s dreaming.”“Last month, I took on Big Pharma.

You think that is where to buy cheap amoxil easy?. I signed orders that would massively lower the cost of your prescription drugs.”Quite misleading. Trump signed four executive orders on July 24 aimed at lowering where to buy cheap amoxil prescription drug prices. But those orders haven’t taken effect yet — the text of one hasn’t even been made publicly available — and experts told us that, if implemented, the measures would be unlikely to result in significant drug price reductions for the majority of Americans.“We will always and very strongly protect patients with preexisting conditions, and that is a pledge from the entire Republican Party.”Trump’s pledge is undermined by his efforts to overturn the Affordable Care Act, the only law that guarantees people with preexisting conditions both receive health coverage and do not have to pay more for it than others do. In 2017, Trump supported congressional efforts where to buy cheap amoxil to repeal the ACA.

The Trump administration is now backing GOP-led efforts to overturn the ACA through a court case. And Trump has also expanded short-term health plans that don’t have to comply with the ACA.“Joe Biden recently raised his where to buy cheap amoxil hand on the debate stage and promised he was going to give it away, your health care dollars to illegal immigrants, which is going to bring a massive number of immigrants into our country.”This is misleading. During a June 2019 Democratic primary debate, candidates were asked. €œRaise your hand if your government plan where to buy cheap amoxil would provide coverage for undocumented immigrants.” All candidates on stage, including Biden, raised their hands. They were not asked if that coverage would be free or subsidized.Biden supports extending health care access to all immigrants, regardless of immigration status.

A task force recommended that he allow immigrants who are in the country illegally to buy health insurance, without federal subsidies.“Joe Biden claims he where to buy cheap amoxil has empathy for the vulnerable, yet the party he leads supports the extreme late-term abortion of defenseless babies right up to the moment of birth.”This mischaracterizes the Democratic Party’s stance on abortion and Biden’s position.Biden has said he would codify the Supreme Court’s ruling in Roe v. Wade and where to buy cheap amoxil related precedents. This would generally limit abortions to the first 20 to 24 weeks of gestation. States are allowed under court rulings to ban abortion after the point at which a where to buy cheap amoxil fetus can sustain life, usually considered to be between 24 and 28 weeks from the mother’s last menstrual period — and 43 states do. But the rulings require states to make exceptions “to preserve the life or health of the mother.” Late-term abortions are very rare, about 1%.The Democratic Party platform holds that “every woman should have access to quality reproductive health care services, including safe and legal abortion — regardless of where she lives, how much money she makes, or how she is insured.” It does not address late-term abortion.PolitiFact’s Daniel Funke, Jon Greenberg, Louis Jacobson, Noah Y.

Kim, Bill McCarthy, Samantha where to buy cheap amoxil Putterman, Amy Sherman, Miriam Valverde and KHN reporter Victoria Knight contributed to this report. Related Topics Elections Health Industry Pharmaceuticals Public Health The Health Law Abortion buy antibiotics Immigrants KHN &. PolitiFact HealthCheck Preexisting Conditions Trump Administration treatmentsThis story where to buy cheap amoxil also ran on CNN. This story can be republished for free (details). Flu season will look different this year, as the country grapples with a antibiotics amoxil that has killed more than 172,000 people. Many Americans are reluctant to visit a doctor’s office and public health officials worry people will shy away from being immunized.Although sometimes incorrectly regarded as just another bad cold, flu also kills tens of thousands of people in the U.S. Each year, with the very young, the where to buy cheap amoxil elderly and those with underlying conditions the most vulnerable.

When coupled with the effects of buy antibiotics, public health experts say it’s more important than ever to get a flu shot.If enough of the U.S. Population gets vaccinated — more than the 45% who did last flu season — it could help head off a nightmare scenario in where to buy cheap amoxil the coming winter of hospitals stuffed with both buy antibiotics patients and those suffering from severe effects of influenza.Aside from the potential burden on hospitals, there’s the possibility people could get both amoxiles — and “no one knows what happens if you get influenza and buy antibiotics [simultaneously] because it’s never happened before,” Dr. Rachel Levine, Pennsylvania’s secretary of health, told reporters this month.In response, manufacturers are producing more treatment supply this year, between 194 million and 198 million doses, or about 20 million more than they distributed last season, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Email where to buy cheap amoxil Sign-Up Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing. As flu season approaches, here are some answers to a few common questions:Q.

When should I get my flu where to buy cheap amoxil shot?. Advertising has where to buy cheap amoxil already begun, and some pharmacies and clinics have their supplies now. But, because the effectiveness of the treatment can wane over time, the CDC recommends against a shot in August.Many pharmacies and clinics will start immunizations in early September. Generally, influenza where to buy cheap amoxil amoxiles start circulating in mid- to late October but become more widespread later, in the winter. It takes about two weeks after getting a shot for antibodies — which circulate in the blood and thwart s — to build up.

€œYoung, healthy where to buy cheap amoxil people can begin getting their flu shots in September, and elderly people and other vulnerable populations can begin in October,” said Dr. Steve Miller, chief clinical officer for insurer Cigna.The CDC has recommended that people “get a flu treatment by the end of October,” but noted it’s not too late to get one after that because shots “can still be beneficial and vaccination should be offered throughout the flu season.”Even so, some experts say not to wait too long this year — not only because of buy antibiotics, but also in case a shortage develops because of overwhelming demand.Q. What are where to buy cheap amoxil the reasons I should roll up my sleeve for this?. Get a shot because it protects you from catching the flu and spreading it to others, which may help lessen the burden on hospitals and medical staffs.And there’s another message that may resonate in this strange time.“It gives people a sense that there are some things you can control,” said Eduardo Sanchez, chief medical officer for prevention at the American Heart Association.While a flu shot won’t prevent buy antibiotics, he said, getting one could help your doctors differentiate between the diseases if you develop any symptoms — fever, cough, sore throat — they share.And even though flu shots won’t prevent all cases of the flu, getting vaccinated can lessen the severity if you do fall ill, he said.You cannot get influenza from having a flu treatment.All eligible people, especially essential workers, those with underlying conditions and those at higher risk — including very young children and pregnant women — should seek protection, the CDC said. It recommends that children over 6 months old where to buy cheap amoxil get vaccinated.Q.

What do we know about the effectiveness of this year’s treatment?. Flu treatments — which must be developed anew each year because influenza amoxiles mutate — range in effectiveness where to buy cheap amoxil annually, depending on how well they match the circulating amoxil. Last year’s formulation was estimated to be about 45% effective in preventing the flu overall, with about a 55% effectiveness in children. The treatments available in the where to buy cheap amoxil U.S. This year are aimed at preventing at least three strains of the amoxil, and most cover four.It isn’t yet known how well this year’s supply will match the strains that will circulate in the U.S.

Early indications where to buy cheap amoxil from the Southern Hemisphere, which goes through its flu season during our summer, are encouraging. There, people practiced social distancing, wore masks and got vaccinated in greater where to buy cheap amoxil numbers this year — and global flu levels are lower than expected. Experts caution, however, not to count on a similarly mild season in the U.S., in part because masking and social distancing efforts vary widely.Q. What are insurance where to buy cheap amoxil plans and health systems doing differently this year?. Insurers and health systems contacted by KHN say they will follow CDC guidelines, which call for limiting and spacing out the number of people waiting in lines and vaccination areas.

Some are setting appointments for flu shots to help manage the flow.Health Fitness Concepts, a company that works with UnitedHealth Group and other businesses to set up flu shot clinics in the Northeast, said it is “encouraging smaller, more frequent events to support social distancing” and “requiring all forms to be completed and shirtsleeves where to buy cheap amoxil rolled up before entering the flu shot area.” Everyone will be required to wear masks.Also, nationally, some physician groups contracted with UnitedHealth will set up tent areas so shots can be given outdoors, a spokesperson said.Kaiser Permanente plans drive-thru vaccinations at some of its medical facilities and is testing touch-free screening and check-in procedures at some locations. (KHN is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.)Geisinger Health, a regional health provider in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, said it, too, would have outdoor flu vaccination programs at its facilities.Additionally, “Geisinger is making it mandatory for all employees to receive the flu treatment this year,” said Mark Shelly, the system’s director of prevention and control. €œBy taking this step, we hope where to buy cheap amoxil to convey to our neighbors the importance of the flu treatment for everyone.”Q. Usually I get a flu shot at work. Will that where to buy cheap amoxil be an option this year?.

Aiming to avoid risky indoor gatherings, many employers are reluctant to sponsor the on-site flu clinics they’ve offered in years past. And with so many people where to buy cheap amoxil continuing to work from home, there’s less need to bring flu shots to employees on the job. Instead, many employers are encouraging workers to get shots from their primary care doctors, at pharmacies or in other community settings. Insurance will generally where to buy cheap amoxil cover the cost of the treatment.Some employers are considering offering vouchers for flu shots to their uninsured workers or those who don’t participate in the company plan, said Julie Stone, managing director for health and benefits at Willis Towers Watson, a consulting firm. The vouchers could allow workers to get the shot at a particular lab at no cost, for example.Some employers are starting to think about how they might use their parking lots for administering drive-thru flu shots, said Dr.

David Zieg, where to buy cheap amoxil clinical services leader for benefits consultant Mercer.Although federal law allows employers to require employees to get flu shots, that step is typically taken only by health care facilities and some universities where people live and work closely together, Zieg said.Q. What are pharmacies doing to encourage people to get where to buy cheap amoxil flu shots?. Some pharmacies are making an extra push to get out into the community to offer flu shots.Walgreens, which has nearly 9,100 pharmacies nationwide, is continuing a partnership begun in 2015 with community organizations, churches and employers that has offered about 150,000 off-site and mobile flu clinics to date.The program places a special emphasis on working with vulnerable populations and in underserved areas, said Dr. Kevin Ban, chief medical officer for the drugstore chain.Walgreens began offering flu shots in mid-August and is encouraging people not to delay getting vaccinated.Both Walgreens and CVS are encouraging people to schedule appointments and do paperwork where to buy cheap amoxil online this year to minimize time spent in the stores.At CVS MinuteClinic locations, once patients have checked in for their flu shot, they must wait outside or in their car, since the indoor waiting areas are now closed.“We don’t have tons of arrows in our quiver against buy antibiotics,” Walgreens’ Ban said. €œTaking pressure off the health care system by providing treatments in advance is one thing we can do.” Julie Appleby.

jappleby@kff.org, @Julie_Appleby where to buy cheap amoxil Michelle Andrews. andrews.khn@gmail.com, @mandrews110 Related Topics Insurance Public Health buy antibiotics Insurers treatmentsUse Our Content This story can be republished for free (details). As the smoke thickened near her home in Santa Cruz, California, last week, Amanda Smith kept asking herself the same questions. Should we where to buy cheap amoxil leave?. And where would we go?. The wildfire evacuation zone, at the time, ended where to buy cheap amoxil a few blocks from her house.

But she worried about what the air quality — which had reached the second-highest warning level, purple for “very unhealthy” — would do to her children’s lungs. Her 4-year-old twins had spent time in the neonatal where to buy cheap amoxil intensive care unit. One was later diagnosed with asthma, and last year was hospitalized with pneumonia.By Tuesday, said Smith, “we all had headaches, the kids were coughing a little bit, and it was raining ash.” The family had been conscientiously isolating at home because of the buy antibiotics amoxil, and leaving meant potential exposures. But on Wednesday, Smith said, “I looked at my where to buy cheap amoxil partner and said, maybe we should leave.”She called a friend in Orange County, about 380 miles south, who offered her parents’ empty condo. But the next day, the friend’s child spiked a fever — a possible case of buy antibiotics — and the plan fell through amid the distraction.Amanda Smith takes a selfie of herself and her twin children in Santa Cruz, California, in April.

(Amanda Smith)So Smith looked on Airbnb, careful to seek out hosts who detailed their buy antibiotics precautions, and found an apartment in where to buy cheap amoxil San Bruno, about an hour’s drive north. She stuffed photos and where to buy cheap amoxil documents into a suitcase, grabbed the go-bags, and her family headed out.“It’s coming out of our savings to stay here,” Smith said from the safety of her apartment rental, which runs about $1,150 a week. €œIt was a really fraught decision to leave, but as soon as we got over the hill and the sky was blue, I took a big sigh of relief and knew that it had been a good decision.”As the twin disasters of buy antibiotics and fire season sweep through California, thousands of residents like Smith are weighing difficult options, pitting risk against risk as they decide where to evacuate, whether from imminent flames or the toxic air. Amid a virulent amoxil, where to buy cheap amoxil which is safest?. Doubling up at a friend’s home?.

A where to buy cheap amoxil hotel?. An evacuation center?. And when do the risks of smoke inhalation outweigh where to buy cheap amoxil the risk of a deadly ?. €œObviously the most important thing is for people to do what they can to protect their lives, not only from the fire, but also from buy antibiotics,” said Detective Rosemerry Blankswade, public information officer for the San Mateo County Sheriff’s Office, which is helping coordinate response to the massive CZU Lightning Complex fires.“You have to evaluate the big picture here. If fire is your most imminent where to buy cheap amoxil danger, maybe take the buy antibiotics risk.

But if you can avoid both of them, that’s obviously going to be the best option. It’s kind of a little bit of triage where to buy cheap amoxil that we’re asking for people to do in their own lives right now.” Email Sign-Up Subscribe to KHN’s free Morning Briefing. In San Mateo, one of two counties where the CZU Lightning Complex fires are blazing, officials are advising people to head to an evacuation center, where county workers will assist them in finding a hotel room. Meanwhile, in neighboring Santa Cruz, where tens of thousands of residents have evacuated and shelters have limited space, officials are asking those under orders to leave to stay with family and where to buy cheap amoxil friends whenever possible.What’s the right choice when all options pose additional risks?. We spoke with several experts to help guide your thought process.You have to evacuate.

Where should you where to buy cheap amoxil go?. If your region where to buy cheap amoxil is under an evacuation order, do not hesitate. Leave immediately. If you can afford it, booking a room at a hotel or motel outside the evacuation zones may be where to buy cheap amoxil the best option, said Dr. Michael Wilkes, a professor at the University of California-Davis School of Medicine.

They almost always have air-conditioning where to buy cheap amoxil units, which help filter the air from both smoke and amoxil. Many hotels are implementing new cleaning processes. Ask staffers to detail what they’re doing to sanitize rooms, and consider skipping the daily cleaning service where to buy cheap amoxil during your stay. You might also check review sites such as TripAdvisor to see what other guests report. When possible, avoid the lobby and other shared spaces, and opt for contactless check-in.Amanda where to buy cheap amoxil Smith at home in Santa Cruz, California, with her twin children.

Smith and her family decided to voluntarily evacuate their home on Aug. 20, due to heavy smoke in the area where to buy cheap amoxil from the CZU Lightning Complex fires in the nearby Santa Cruz Mountains. (Anna Maria Barry-Jester/KHN)With so many people in Northern California fleeing the fires, many hotels are already full, especially in more remote areas. So what about where to buy cheap amoxil staying with family or friends?. After months of being shut in and avoiding close contact beyond immediate family, moving into someone else’s home means a host of potential exposures.

Consider whether you or anyone else in the home is at high risk from buy antibiotics because of age or a preexisting condition.“If so, that’s a reason to where to buy cheap amoxil think twice before going to someone’s home,” said Dr. Gina Solomon, a program director at the Oakland-based Public Health Institute.Consider, too, what precautions your friends or family have where to buy cheap amoxil been taking. Sheltering with someone whose job brings them into frequent contact with other people may not be as safe as sheltering with people who largely have been staying home. Another question is how crowded where to buy cheap amoxil the home is. If you have your own room and, preferably, your own bathroom, that makes staying with friends a better option.

If a separate bedroom is not available and smoky skies are not a problem, you might consider pitching a tent in their backyard.For those with an RV or tent, camping can present another good option — although, with hundreds of wildfires burning across California, it may be challenging to drive far enough away to avoid fire and where to buy cheap amoxil smoke. If you do camp, try to find a site away from wooded areas. And think where to buy cheap amoxil twice before using group bathrooms.Is an evacuation center safe?. Many counties have implemented new precautions at emergency shelters to prevent the spread of the antibiotics. In Santa Cruz, for example, officials are scaling back the capacity in each shelter to allow for social distancing, providing tents for people to use as shielding inside and allowing camping where to buy cheap amoxil in the parking lots.Still, staying in a shelter should probably not be your first choice.

In terms of buy antibiotics risk, deciding between a hotel and a friend’s house is “nipping at the edges,” said Dr. John Swartzberg, a clinical professor emeritus at the UC-Berkeley School of Public Health, while “being in a congregate setting is only better than being completely exposed to the elements.”If an evacuation shelter is your best immediate option, again, do not hesitate where to buy cheap amoxil. €œYou have these standards you want to practice for yourselves,” Swartzberg said, “but when something worse comes along, it trumps how careful we can be with buy antibiotics because the need for shelter is greater.” You can lower your risk of by wearing a mask, washing hands frequently and sanitizing surfaces.Smith’s partner, Grant Whipple, walks with their children in Big Sur on March 7. That was their last camping trip before the buy antibiotics amoxil hit, where to buy cheap amoxil Smith says. That area is now under threat from wildfire.

(Amanda Smith)If where to buy cheap amoxil you aren’t in a fire zone, should you invite friends and family to stay with you?. Deciding whether to open your home to friends who are evacuating is an where to buy cheap amoxil intensely personal decision and may depend on whether anyone in your family has a preexisting condition.“I guess it depends on how good a friend they are and how desperate they are,” said Swartzberg. It may also depend on how much space you have. If your guests can have their own bedroom and bathroom, it might be safer.If you do offer your home, experts advise against simply considering yourself a new where to buy cheap amoxil pod with your guests. Instead, take steps to lower your chances of .“It might not be pleasant, but wearing a mask anytime you’re not in your own bedroom is the safest way to go,” said Solomon.

Stay outside as much as possible, she added, and consider eating meals outdoors or eating in shifts where to buy cheap amoxil to avoid being maskless with those outside your family unit. Sanitize surfaces and wash hands frequently. If air quality permits, keep the windows open to improve airflow.If you’re in a region with hazardous smoke conditions, should you leave? where to buy cheap amoxil. If your area has dense smoke but no imminent fire risk, the thought of heading somewhere else may be appealing, especially if you have respiratory issues. But in where to buy cheap amoxil most cases, Wilkes said, it would be safer not to leave your buy antibiotics bubble.

And given the expanse of California’s fires, anywhere you flee could end up having lousy air quality by the time you arrive.“The better part of rationality,” Wilkes said, “would be to stay at home, not exercise [outdoors], stay inside as much as you can, turn on the air conditioning.”California Healthline senior correspondent Anna Maria Barry-Jester contributed to this report. Jenny where to buy cheap amoxil Gold. jgold@kff.org, @JennyAGold Related Topics California Public Health States buy antibiotics Environmental Health Natural DisastersIn the 2014 elections, Republicans rode a wave of anti-Affordable Care Act sentiment to pick up nine Senate seats, the largest gain for either party since 1980. Newly elected Republicans such as Cory Gardner in Colorado and Steve Daines in Montana had hammered their where to buy cheap amoxil Democratic opponents over the health care law during the campaign and promised to repeal it.Six years later, those senators are up for reelection. Not only is the law still around, but it’s gaining in popularity.

What was once a winning strategy has become a political liability.Public sentiment about the ACA, also where to buy cheap amoxil known as Obamacare, has shifted considerably during the Trump administration after Republicans tried but failed to repeal it. Now, in the midst of the buy antibiotics amoxil and the where to buy cheap amoxil ensuing economic crisis, which has led to the loss of jobs and health insurance for millions of people, health care again looks poised to be a key issue for voters this election. Don't Miss A Story Subscribe to KHN’s free Weekly Edition newsletter. With competitive races in Colorado, Montana, Arizona, North Carolina and Iowa pitting Republican incumbents who voted to repeal the ACA against Democratic challengers promising to protect it, attitudes surrounding the health law could where to buy cheap amoxil help determine control of the Senate. Republicans hold a slim three-vote majority in the Senate but are defending 23 seats in the Nov.

3 election where to buy cheap amoxil. Only one Democratic Senate seat — in Alabama, where incumbent Doug Jones is up against former Auburn University football coach Tommy Tuberville — is considered in play for Republicans.“The fall election will significantly revolve around people’s belief about what [candidates] will do for their health coverage,” said Dr. Daniel Derksen, a professor of public health at the University of Arizona.The Affordable Care Act has been a wedge issue since it was signed into law in where to buy cheap amoxil 2010. Because it then took four years to enact, its opponents talked for years about how bad the not-yet-created marketplace for insurance would be, said Joe Hanel, spokesperson for the Colorado Health Institute, a nonpartisan nonprofit focused on health policy analysis. And they continued to attack the law as it took full effect in 2014.Gardner, for example, ran numerous campaign ads that year criticizing the ACA and, where to buy cheap amoxil in particular, President Barack Obama’s assertion that “if you like your health care plan, you’ll be able to keep your health care plan.”But now, Hanel said, the ACA’s policies have become much more popular in Colorado as the costs of health exchange plans have dropped.

Thus, political messaging has changed, too.“This time it’s the opposite,” Hanel said. €œThe people bringing up the Affordable Care Act are the Democrats.”Despite Gardner’s multiple votes to repeal the ACA, he has largely avoided talking about the measure during the where to buy cheap amoxil 2020 campaign. He even removed his pro-repeal position from his campaign website.Democratic attack ads in July blasted Gardner for repeatedly dodging questions in an interview with Colorado Public Radio about his stance on a lawsuit challenging the ACA.His opponent, Democrat John Hickenlooper, fully embraced the law when he was Colorado governor, using the measure to expand Medicaid eligibility to more low-income people and to create a state health insurance exchange. Now, he’s campaigning on that record, with promises to expand health care access even further.Polling DataPolling conducted by KFF for the past 10 years where to buy cheap amoxil shows a shift in public opinion has occurred nationwide. (KHN is an editorially independent program of KFF, the Kaiser Family Foundation.)“Since Trump won the election in 2016, we now have consistently found that a larger share of the public holds favorable views” of the health law, said Ashley Kirzinger, associate director of public opinion and survey research for the foundation.

€œThis really solidified in 2017 after the failed repeal in the Senate.”The foundation’s polling found that, in July 2014, where to buy cheap amoxil 55% of voters opposed the law, while 36% favored it. By July 2020, that had flipped, with 51% favoring the law and where to buy cheap amoxil 38% opposing it. A shift was seen across all political groups, though 74% of Republicans still viewed it unfavorably in the latest poll.Public support for individual provisions of the ACA — such as protections for people with preexisting conditions or allowing young adults to stay on their parents’ health plans until age 26 — have proved even more popular than the law as a whole. And the provision that consistently polled unfavorably — the mandate that those without insurance must pay a fine — was eliminated in 2017.“We’re 10 years along and the sky hasn’t caved in,” said Sabrina Corlette, a health policy professor at Georgetown University.Political MessagingFollowing the passage where to buy cheap amoxil of the ACA, Democrats didn’t reference the law in their campaigns, said Erika Franklin Fowler, a government professor at Wesleyan University and the director of the Wesleyan Media Project, which tracks political advertising.“They ran on any other issue they could find,” Fowler said.Republicans, she said, kept promising to “repeal and replace” but weren’t able to do so.Then, in the 2018 election, Democrats seized on the shift in public opinion, touting the effects of the law and criticizing Republicans for their attempts to overturn it.“In the decade I have been tracking political advertising, there wasn’t a single-issue topic that was as prominent as health care was in 2018,” she said.As the global health crisis rages, health care concerns again dominate political ads in the 2020 races, Fowler said, although most ads haven’t explicitly focused on the ACA. Many highlight Republicans’ support for the lawsuit challenging preexisting condition protections or specific provisions of the ACA that their votes would have overturned.

Republicans say where to buy cheap amoxil they, too, will protect people with preexisting conditions but otherwise have largely avoided talking about the ACA.“Cory Gardner has been running a lot on his environmental bills and conservation funding,” Fowler said. €œIt’s not difficult to figure out why he’s doing that. It’s easier where to buy cheap amoxil for him to tout that in a state like Colorado than it is to talk about health care.”Similar dynamics are playing out in other key Senate races. In Arizona, Republican Sen. Martha McSally was one of the more vocal advocates of repealing the ACA while she served in the House of Representatives where to buy cheap amoxil.

She publicly acknowledged those votes may have hurt her 2018 Senate bid.“I did vote to repeal and replace Obamacare,” McSally said on conservative pundit Sean Hannity’s radio show during the 2018 campaign. €œI’m getting my ass kicked for it right now.”She indeed lost but was appointed to fill the seat where to buy cheap amoxil of Sen. Jon Kyl after he resigned at the end of 2018. Now McSally is in a tight race with Democratic challenger Mark Kelly, an where to buy cheap amoxil astronaut and the husband of former Rep. Gabby Giffords.“Kelly doesn’t have a track record of voting one way or another, but certainly in his campaign this is one of his top speaking points.

What he would do to expand coverage and reassure people that coverage won’t be taken away,” said Derksen, the University of Arizona professor.The ACA has proved a stumbling block for Republican where to buy cheap amoxil Sens. Thom Tillis of North Carolina and Joni Ernst of Iowa where to buy cheap amoxil. In Maine, GOP Sen. Susan Collins cast a key vote that where to buy cheap amoxil prevented the repeal of the law but cast other votes that weakened it. She now also appears vulnerable — but more for her vote to confirm Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination to the Supreme Court and for not doing more to oppose President Donald Trump.In Montana, Daines, who voted to repeal the ACA, is trying to hold on to his seat against Democratic Gov.

Steve Bullock, who used the law to expand the state’s Medicaid enrollment in 2015 where to buy cheap amoxil. At its peak, nearly 1 in 10 Montanans were covered through the expansion.As more Montanans now face the high cost of paying for health care on their own amid amoxil-related job losses, Montana State University political science professor David Parker said he expects Democrats to talk about Daines’ votes to repeal cost-saving provisions of the ACA.“People are losing jobs, and their jobs bring health care with them,” Parker said. €œI don’t think it’s a good space for Daines to be right now.” where to buy cheap amoxil Markian Hawryluk. MarkianH@kff.org, @MarkianHawryluk Related Topics Elections Health Care Costs Health Care Reform Insurance States Arizona Colorado Montana North Carolina Obamacare PlansLatest Prevention &. Wellness News where to buy cheap amoxil FRIDAY, Aug.

28, 2020 (HealthDay News) -- A warning about alcohol-based hand sanitizers in packaging that looks like food or drink has been issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration."The agency has discovered that where to buy cheap amoxil some hand sanitizers are being packaged in beer cans, children's food pouches, water bottles, juice bottles and vodka bottles," according to an FDA a news release. "Additionally, the FDA has found hand sanitizers that contain food flavors, such as chocolate or raspberry."Reports received by the FDA include a person who bought what they believed was drinking water but was actually hand sanitizer, and a hand sanitizer using children's cartoons in marketing and sold in a pouch that resembled a snack, CNN reported."I am increasingly concerned about hand sanitizer being packaged to appear to be consumable products, such as baby food or beverages. These products could confuse consumers into accidentally ingesting where to buy cheap amoxil a potentially deadly product. It's dangerous to add scents with food flavors to hand sanitizers which children could think smells like food, eat and get alcohol poisoning," FDA Commissioner Dr.

Stephen Hahn said in the release.Copyright © 2019 HealthDay where to buy cheap amoxil. All rights where to buy cheap amoxil reserved. QUESTION According to the USDA, there is no difference between a “portion” and a “serving.” See AnswerLatest Cancer News By Steven ReinbergHealthDay ReporterTHURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2020 (HealthDay News)Cancer patients who need radiation therapy shouldn't let fear of buy antibiotics delay their treatment, one hospital study suggests.Over six days in May, during the height of the amoxil in New Jersey, surfaces in the radiation oncology department at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital in New Brunswick, N.J., were tested for buy antibiotics before cleaning.Of 128 samples taken in patient and staff areas and from equipment, including objects used by a patient with buy antibiotics, not one was positive for where to buy cheap amoxil antibiotics, the amoxil that causes buy antibiotics, the study found.Patients can be reassured that surface contamination is minimal and necessary cancer treatment can go forward safely, said lead researcher Dr. Bruce Haffty, chairman of radiation oncology at Rutgers Cancer Institute in New Brunswick."Cancer care should and must continue in a buy antibiotics amoxil, and it can be delivered safely and effectively with minimal risk of acquiring a buy antibiotics from the radiation oncology environment, provided routine measures like mask-wearing, hand-washing, distancing and screening are in place and adhered to," Haffty said.The study does have some limitations.

Because of the nature of environmental sampling, where to buy cheap amoxil 100% of a surface could not be swabbed for analysis. And no air samples were taken. But Haffty said that because no amoxil was found on surfaces, it's doubtful that any amoxil was present in the air."An important where to buy cheap amoxil thing is that we did this testing before cleaning crews came in at the end of the day when there had been all kinds of traffic with patients and staff moving back and forth," he said.Patients and staff routinely wore masks, maintained social distance and washed their hands often, which is probably why no amoxil was found, Haffty said.Patients also were screened on arrival with temperature checks and questioned about amoxil symptoms, he added.Dr. Anthony D'Amico is chief of radiation oncology at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. He said, "This study corroborates what we have found."Overall, his hospital's where to buy cheap amoxil rate is 2%, while that in the community next to the hospital is 9%, D'Amico said.

But where there are people with lots of underlying conditions and less access to health care, the rate is 33%, he said."Hospitals seem to be safer right now than public settings -- protocols that people are using are working," D'Amico said.The takeaway. Patients need not put off treatment out of concern that they could be infected in the hospital."We have told patients not to delay radiation because of buy antibiotics, because cancer can be more life-threatening than buy antibiotics," he said.D'Amico's hospital treats patients diagnosed with where to buy cheap amoxil buy antibiotics who need radiation before other patients arrive in the morning. The department is cleaned after they leave and at the end of the day after all other patients have gone, he said.Patients with buy antibiotics symptoms must test negative before undergoing screening tests like mammography and colonoscopy, D'Amico added.In the waiting room, patients and staff wear masks and maintain distancing. Patients' temperatures are taken and they are asked about any symptoms, he said."Patients should feel safe that the person sitting next to them in a waiting where to buy cheap amoxil room has been properly screened," D'Amico said.The findings were published online Aug. 27 in JAMA Oncology.Copyright © 2020 HealthDay.

All rights where to buy cheap amoxil reserved. SLIDESHOW Skin Cancer Symptoms, Types, Images See where to buy cheap amoxil Slideshow References SOURCES. Bruce Haffty, MD, associate vice chancellor, cancer programs, and chair, radiation oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, N.J.. Anthony D'Amico, MD, PhD, professor, radiation oncology, Harvard where to buy cheap amoxil Medical School, and chief, genitourinary radiation oncology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston. JAMA Oncology, Aug.

27, 2020, onlineLatest Heart News THURSDAY, Aug. 27, 2020 (HealthDay News)Heart attack survivors are more likely to lose weight if their spouses join them in shedding excess pounds, new research shows."Lifestyle improvement after a heart attack is a crucial part of preventing repeat events," said study author Lotte Verweij, a registered nurse and Ph.D. Student at Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, in the Netherlands. "Our study shows that when spouses join the effort to change habits, patients have a better chance of becoming healthier -- particularly when it comes to losing weight."The study included 411 heart attack survivors who, along with receiving usual care, were referred to up to three lifestyle change programs for weight loss, increased physical activity and quitting smoking.The patients' partners could attend the programs for free and were encouraged by nurses to take part. Nearly half (48%) of the patients' partners participated, which was defined as attending at least once.Compared to those without a partner, patients with a participating partner were more than twice as likely to improve in at least one of the three areas (weight loss, exercise, smoking cessation) within a year, the findings showed.When the influence of partners was analyzed in the three areas separately, patients with a participating partner were more successful in shedding weight compared to patients without a partner, according to the study presented Thursday at a virtual meeting of the European Society of Cardiology.

Such research is considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.But partner participation did not improve heart attack survivors' likelihood of quitting smoking or becoming more physically active, according to the report."Patients with partners who joined the weight-loss program lost more weight compared to patients with a partner who did not join the program," Verweij said in a society news release."Couples often have comparable lifestyles, and changing habits is difficult when only one person is making the effort. Practical issues come into play, such as grocery shopping, but also psychological challenges, where a supportive partner may help maintain motivation," she explained.-- Robert PreidtCopyright © 2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved. QUESTION In the U.S., 1 in every 4 deaths is caused by heart disease. See Answer References SOURCE.

European Society of Cardiology, news release, Aug. 27, 2020.

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